| The establishment of new method for drug analysis is an important part of new drug development and quality control, which plays a key role in the aspect of research and development, production, circulation, supervision and management. With development of the discipline of pharmacy, analysis methods for drug tend to diversify, but spectrometry has become widely accepted due to many advantages including simple equipment and operation, wide application, good accuracy and so on.In this paper, the detection methods for the active ingredients of physic and reliquus heavy metal in the Chinese materia medica were established, which based on the change of UV-visible absorption spectrum and resonance light scattering caused by the unique optical properties of metal nanoparticles and the interaction between small organic molecules and metal ions. Further, identification and detection of anions were investigated, which used of the interaction among small organic molecules, metal ions and anions. Main research contents are as follows:(1) Silver nanoparticles were used for DES detection. It was found that DES could reduce silver nitrate (AgNO3) to generate silver nanopaticles (AgNPs) in the medium of the ammonia and sodium hydroxide. With the color of the solution gradually became deep, characterized plasmon resonance absorption (PRA) and plasmon resonance scatting (PRS) of silver nanoparticles were appeared at 410 nm and 530 nm, respectively. PRA signal intensity is proportional to the concentration of DES in the range of 0.04-10.0μmol/L. This method could be applied to the detection of DES and it was successfully used to control preparation quality of the DES. (2) A resonance light scattering spectrometry for trace Hg2+ in Chinese materia medica was developed on the basis of screeningα-amino acid that can form a coupled reagent named Ruhemann's purple (RP) with ninhydrin. Experimental results showed that the RP reagents formed by histidine and ninhydrin can bind with Hg2+ in the medium of HAc-NaAc buffer at pH 5.5, and this reaction solution experienced a color change from purple to pink and given a characterized light scattering signal at 340 nm with the addition of Hg2+. The signal intensity is proportional to the content of Hg2+ in the range of 0.8-60.0μmol/L with a detection limit (3σ) of 62 nmol/L. This method has been applied to the determination of trace Hg2+ in Chinese Materia Medica by Standard addition method and the results were satisfactory.(3) Selective colorimetric detection of pyrophosphate based on copper(Ⅱ)-4-[(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)azo]-1,3-diaminobenzene(5-Cl-PAD AB) complex. The result showed that a strategy for detection of PPi can be achieved by using the change cuased by the interaction of Cu2+-5-Cl-PADAB and PPi in the absorption specra. The complex (Cu2+-5-Cl-PADAB-PPi) solution displayed a characteristic absorption at 643.0 nm in the media of Hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA), and the absorbance was proportional to the concentration of PPi in the range of 2-35μmol/L with a detection limit (3σ) of 0.2μmol/L, meanwhile, the colors of the solution had a dramatic change from red to blue. This significant change was not observed when other biological related substrates were added even in high concentration especially as inorganic anions like phosphate and so on. This approach was successfully applied to determine the content of PPi in the human urine with satisfactory results.
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