The Controllable Synthesis And Characterization Of Two Inorganic Porous Materials

The development of materials is a sign of social progress, and plays a vital role in human society. In recent decades, the research of porous materials has been made breakthrough, which is great significance for human survival and development. Because the porous materials generally have open framework structure, relatively large surface area, high porosity and other advantages, it has been widely used in catalysis, adsorption and separation areas. Because the microporous and mesoporous materials have special skeleton structure, pore orientation and dimension, special composition of the cell wall that they have been studied more.At present, the synthesized ordered mesoporous materials has narrow pore distribution, uniform pore size distribution, large pore volume, controlling pore size and and other advantages, so they have a wide range of application prospects in separation, catalysis adsorption, bio-medicine and microelectronics and optical field. In the last ten years, metal-organic framework compound with rapid development is a new type of porous materials. They have novel skeleton structure, diff-erent pore shapes, adjustable pore size, flexible tailoring and designable structure, so they possess not only catalyst, adsorption and gas storage properties which the traditional zeolites also possess, but also have a very impressive application in optical, magnetic and electric field, etc.This thesis is committed to synthesis two different porous materials, one is controlling pore size synthesis of the mesoporous titanium dioxide materials, the other is controlled morphology synthesis of rare earth MOFs with microwave assisted conditions. Although the skeleton structure of the two materials are two completely different types, however, both of them are porous materials and widely used in catalytic adsorption, ion exchange and separation and so on. In addition, the study scope of microporous materials have expanded due to the appearance of MOFs. Some of these materials have achieved the trans-formation from microporous materials to the mesoporous materials. Therefore, this thesis includes the following two aspects:(1) Mesoporous titanium dioxide materials because of its stable, non- toxic, inexpensive and good optical properties, have got wide attention.There are many ways to synthesize titanium dioxide, here introduces a simple synthesis method. The second chapter describes a template-free hydrothermal synthesis method of a series of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with adjustable pore size. The products obtained have high crystallinity, uniform dispersion of spherical shape, high surface area (up to 162.5 m2g-1), and the controlling pore size (from 7.1 nm to 26.8 nm). This synthesis method is simple, low cost, and the resulting titanium dioxide nanoparticles have a high application value in dye-sensitized solar cells and photochemical storage.(2) Many MOFs materials whose synthesis need at least a half-day or at most many days response time. The long reaction time not only waste of time and reduce efficiency, but also cause resources waste to modern society with energy extremely shortage. Microwave reaction rule is rapid, energy-saving and high efficiency. The third chapter describes the microwave assisted synthesis method of a series of rare earth metal europium as the center of the MOFs materials, discussed the impact on the morphology with different synthetic conditions and the reasons of this results. The resulting MOFs crystals with varying sizes and shapes will have different purposes. These related research above will provide a possible basis for the synthesis and practical application of microporous and mesoporous materials in the future.