Research Of Processing Technology In Ultrasonic Vibration Milling Optical Glass Materials

With development of modern science and technology, optical glass as a kind of hard-brittle material was widely employed in various areas, especially in aeronautical field. Optical glass is hard to machine by applying traditional processing method. Due to its high hardness, great high brittleness and low fracture toughness, it is difficult to achieve high-efficient and precision machining.Grinding process was commonly used in machining optical glass, but this method involves low efficient, long processing cycle and high cost. Milling process involves high machining-efficient and short processing cycle comparatively, but the cutting force during machining is high and machining quality poor. In order to solve these difficulties, ultrasonic vibration and tradition milling process were combined to achieve fine surface quality with higher machining efficient and shorter processing cycle, by decreasing cutting force and cutting heat.This paper focuses on the process of ultrasonic milling optical glass. The acoustic system of ultrasonic vibration milling was designed. The average cutting force model of ultrasonic cutting was established, and the model was verified theoretically by experiments. The evaluation system of two-dimensional surface and three-dimensional surface morphology characteristics were established. Based on the three-dimensional white light interference scanning, the machined surface morphology was evaluated.The experimental results shows that the cutting force and surface roughness value of ultrasonic milling are significantly lower than ordinary milling using the same cutting parameters. The figure of milling force wave shows that the processing vibration of ultrasonic milling is lesser and the process is more stable than the common milling. The wear-out mechanism of PCD cutting tool was discussed; there were better surface quality and smaller cutting tool wear in ultrasonic milling than the traditional milling.