| The physiochemical parameters and enrichment effects of microlayer surface were studied at two stations of the Guangzhou segment of Pearl River(from January 2010 to Decembe 2010), three urban lakes(from January 2010 to June 2010) and mariculture zone in Nan'ao, Shantou(May 2010 and September 2010). Main parameters included ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N), nitrite(NO2--N), nitrate(NO3--N), phosphate(PO4--P), total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), chemical oxygen demand(CODMn),chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), bacteria, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb. The primary results include:1. The concentrations of total nitrogen were 7.87±4.87 mg/L and 8.46±4.45 mg/L at Ersha Port and Yuzhu Port, and the concentrations of total phosphorus were 0.53±0.40 mg/L and 0.60±0.24 mg/L. The main inorganic nitrogen(DIN) was NH4+-N with the percentage over 50%. And the concentration of NO2- was least in DIN. The change of concentration of PO4--P was similar at two stations in Pearl River and the concentrations were 0.15±0.08 mg/L and 0.20±0.13 mg/L. Organic pollution in dry season was higher than wet season. The average concentrations of CODKM were 7.70±0.86 mg/L and 8.08±1.49 mg/L at Ersha Port and Yuzhu Port. The concentration of Chl-a were 46.57±28.21μg/L and 47.28±27.11μg/L. Bacterial abundance were 1.77×106±1.25×106/mL and 2.11×106±1.16×106/mL。The concentrations of TN were 4.30±1.77 mg/L,6.72±1.18 mg/L and 12.62±5.63 mg/L, respectively in Lu Lake, Dongshan Lake and Liuhua Lake. The concentration of TP of Dongshan Lake was the higest in three lakes, meanwhile the Lu Lake was the lowest. Inorganic nutrient of Donshan Lake was much higher than Lu Lake and Liuhua Lake(p<0.000). The concentration of Liuhua Lake was the highest in three urban lakes(p< 0.000). The minimum of Bacterial abundance of three lakes all were in May. The changes of Chl-a had no regularity.The concentrations of TN in Nan'ao mariculture in May and September were 28.30±6.23μmol/L and 12.39±4.12μmol/L. The concentration of TP in September was higher than May. Main inorganic nitrogen was NO3--N with the percentage was 57.1%-82.6%. The concentrations of PO4--P were 0.52±0.24μmol/L and 0.54±0.31μmol/L in May and September. The concentration of CODKM in May was lower than in September(p<0.05).2. Base on the survey data, microlayer surface had no enrichment effects on Chl-a and NH4+-N in different water bodys. The enrichment factors on NO2--N and NO3--N in fresh water and seawater were close. The enrichment factors on TN, TP, CODKM and bacterial in seawter were higher than in fresh water. There were reasons:salinity and bubbling effect caused the stronger enrichment effects on organic compounds and particulate matter in seawater than in fresh water.3. Six heavy metals were analied. Except Pb all of them were enriched in microlaye surface. The average enrichment factor Mn was 3.57±3.50.in three water body. The enrichment factor of Pearl River, lakes and fresh water were 1.16±1.12,5.27±4.51 and 3.27±2.42. The second one is Fe with the enrichment factor of 2.21±1.43,2.29±1.72 and 2.22±0.56, respectively. The average enrichment factors of Cr were 1.54±0.66(Pearl River),1.22±0.14(lakes) and 1.33±0.53(fresh water). The average enrichment factors of Ni were 1.96±0.50,1.41±0.16 and 1.78±0.47, respectively. |
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