Synthesis Of Sulfonated Oil By Film SO₃ Sulfonation Technology And Its Application

China has become an important center of leather-making and trading. In the leather-making process, leather chemicals are needed, in which fatliquor is one of the most important chemical materials. The feeling and style of leathers are always determined by fatliquors to some extent. It may even be said that fat-liquoring agent is one of the most important factors restricting the development of leather industry. At present, both in the qualities and performances, the domestic fatliquor can not meet the demands of leather industry. The preparation of fatliquor with high qualities and performances is imperative.In China, rapeseed oil is one kind of cheap material with abundant resource, and the contents of erucin acid and linonic acid in Chinese rapeseed oil are much higher than those of foreign products. So the rapeseed oil can be sulfonated to produce fatliquor with excellent property due to the good hydrophobic property and lubricating ability of erucin.With the cheap and easily obtainable rapeseed oil as a raw material, using the advanced film SO3 sulfonation technology, the sulfonated rapeseed oil and sulfonated rapeseed ester are made, which have excellent properties in fatliquoring. The preparation techniques of sulfonated oil through such processes as sulfonation, aging, neutralization and decolorization are systematical studied, and the optimum technical conditions have been found. The products are also been applied in fatliquoring process to evaluate their fatliquoring properties.In the process of preparing sulfonated rapeseed oil, by analyzing the influencing factors such as SO3 gas conentration, material flow, jacket water temperature, feeding temperature, aging time, pH and decoloring condition, and attaching the orthogonal test, the proper preparation technique of sulfonated rapeseed oil is obtained at last. The proper sulfonating rapeseed oil condition is as follow:the ratio of SO2 flow(L/min) and rapeseed oil flow(g/min) is 2.5:72, the jacket water temperature is 35℃, the feeding temperature is 25℃. The proper after-treatment condition is as follow:the aging time is 30min; neutralization temperature is 40～50℃, pH control between 7 to 10, the decoloring time is 1h, the decoloring temperature is 50℃, the dosage of H2O2 is 1.5%. At last, the best properties sulfonated rapeseed oil is obtained, which has about 4% of the amount of SO3 combination.In the process of preparing sulfonated rapeseed ester, by analyzing the influencing factors as the steps like sulfonated the rapeseed oil. and attaching the orthogonal test, the proper preparation techniques of sulfonated rapeseed ester are obtained. The proper sulfonating rapeseed ester condition obtained at last is as follow:the ratio of SO2 flow(L/min) and rapeseed oil flow(g/min) is 3:80; the jacket water temperature is 35℃; the feeding temperature is 25℃. The proper after-treatment condition is as follow:the aging time is 30min; neutralization temperature is 40～50℃, pH control between 7 to 10; the decoloring time is 1h, the decoloring temperature is 50℃, the dosage of H2O2 is 1%. At last, the best properties sulfonated rapeseed ester is obtained, at which the amount of SO3 combination is about 4.6%.The fatliquoring application experiments were done with sulfonated rapeseed oil, sulfonated rapeseed ester, sulfonated oil SS and sulfated vegetable oil as fatliquor respectively, the physical properties and sensory properties of leathers were investigated. Finally, the results showed that the sulfonated rapeseed oil and sulfonated rapeseed ester have the better fatliquoring properties than that similar fatliquors from market sales.