The Research Of Biodegradation On Alcohol Ether Phosphate Adjuvant

Polyoxyethylene ether phosphate is an important new-style anionic surfactant, with both fine characters of non-ionic and anionic surfactants, widely used in the areas of cottonocracy, plastic, daily chemicals and so on. With the development of surfactant industry, the constantly appearance of environmental and healthy problems of traditional surfactants, the new-style surfactants of polyoxyethylene ether phosphate are largely studied and applied by lots of researchers both at home and abroad. But on the whole, the research to the surfactant of polyoxyethylene ether phosphate mostly focused on their synthesis, separation and purification of products, improvement of characters, et al., leaving the environmental biodegradation not discussed.The primary biodegradation and biodegradability of new-style polyoxyethylene ether phosphate 06301 produced by the laboratory was studied contrast to several typical traditional OP surfactants, with the improved method of CTAS. The aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of new-style ether phosphate-based additives, and the biodegradation pathway were researched. Then three highly effective degrading bacteria to ether phosphate were selected form three different field soils collected randomly without the using records of ether phosphate-based additives, after being cultivated and domesticated. The type of bacteria were studied and identified with the method of 16SrDNA, as well as the influencing factors of bacteria degrading ether phosphate were discussed. The main results were:1. Contrast to typical traditional additives, the primary biodegradation of new-style ether phosphate-based additives was studied, as well as the influence of temperature to the biodegradation, with the comparison of 15℃, 25℃, 30℃. Form the result, X-1005 had the lowest degradation rate, OP-25 had the highest, and 06301 had a much fast and stable degradation rate. In a certain temperature range, the primary biodegradation of traditional additives OP increased with the raise of temperature, while primary biodegradation of 06301 changed little. It suggested 06301 had a much stable and well primary biodegradation in the nature with little influence by temperature.2. Contrast to typical traditional additives, the biodegradability of new-style ether phosphate was researched respectively in the temperature of 10℃, 20℃, 30℃, with the method of closed bottle. From the result, in a certain temperature range, the BOD values of representative agent with conventional phenol ring increased with the passage of time and temperature rise, while the BOD values of 06301 basically maintained at 92 mg/L, changing little in 6 days. It showed 06301 had a high biodegradability, the biodegradation of 06301 was affected little by environmental temperature, with a stable biodegradability in nature water environment.3. The aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of new-style ether phosphate agent were studied. From the result, while the temperature was kept at 25℃and pH was maintained at 6.0±0.15 in the aerobic system, 35℃and 6.5±0.2 in the anaerobic system with the same biological activity, 06301 could be easily biodegraded in both systems. But 06301 could be much easily biodegraded in the anaerobic condition than aerobic condition, the degradation rate of aerobic and anaerobic condition were 97.11% and 98.13% after degradation of 8 days. 4. The biodegradation pathway of new-style ether phosphate agent was researched. The result suggested the intermediate degradation products of 06301 mainly were short-chain fatty alcohol ethoxylates, the carboxylic acid-based products of the EO chain end and the end of the carbon chain and little alcohol..It is supposed that there wereω-βoxidative processes in EO chain end and the end of the carbon chain of 06301 in the aerobic biodegradation.5. Three highly effective degrading bacteria to ether phosphate were selected form the field soils of soybean, rice, vegetables, and the main impact factors of bacteria degrading 06301 were studied. The bacteria were identified as Brevibacillus sp., Microbacterium sp. and Bacillus sp. The result showed the degradation of the three bacteria could be largely effected by the environmental pH, temperature, inoculation and substrate concentration. The bacteria selected from the vegetable field soil had the highest biodegradation to 06301 in the same condition.