| World-wide environmental contamination and energy depletion are inspiring, great attentions have been focused on the novel technology of energy exploration and utilization in the field of environmental engineering. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are devices that use microorganism as the bio-catalysts to oxidize organic and generate current. MFC is a new biological treatment of wastewater. The unique way for power generation from MFCs provides a creative method which can be used to resolve the energy crisis and environmental contamination simultaneously.A two-chamber microbial fuel cell was designed, which the cell is cylindrical shapes. The airtightness of MFC is excellent to keep anaerobic environment and the performance is convenience. In addition, the thermostatic bath are manufactured to maintain thermostatic condition of MFC, which temperature is from 15℃to 50℃.A microbial fuel cell was constructed for the study of organic degradation and power generation when use glucose and sodium acetate as the fuel to start-up the MFC. Compared to glucose as the fuel, the maximal power density is enhanced by 33% and the degradation rate of COD is enhanced by 10.7% when sodium acetate as the fuel. When the COD in the anodic chamber is changed from 1000mg·L-1 to 1500mg·L-1, The maximal power density is increased by 20% while the maximal power density is increased by 4% when COD is changed from 1500mg·L-1 to 2000mg·L-1. The operation temperature is changed from 15℃to 25℃, the maximal power density is enhanced by 27.7%. when temperature is increased from 25℃to 35℃, the maximal power density is enhanced by 54%. So the MFC provided the best performance of power generation and organic degradation at 35℃. The maximal power density is increased by 147% using potassium ferricyanide solution in the cathode compartment compared to using an oxygen-saturated aqueous cathode, Results show that the gaseous electron acceptor has better ability to accept electron than solid electron acceptor.We study two different methods to start-up the MFC and to treat aniline waste- water .When use glucose as the fuel to start-up MFC, The initial aniline concentration is 500 mg·L-1 with different glucose concentrations (500 mg·L-1, 300 mg·L-1, and 100 mg·L-1, respectively), the maximal area power densities are 205, 180 and 169 mW·m-2, respectively, The maximum power density of 87 mW·m-2 and the degradation rate of aniline is 74% using 500 mg·L-1 aniline as sole fuel. The degradation rate of aniline reaches over 71% and rate of COD over 73% at different concentration ratio. When use sodium acetate as the fuel to start-up MFC, The initial aniline concentration is 500 mg·L-1 with different sodium acetate concentrations (700mg·L-1, 400mg·L-1, and 100 mg·L-1, respectively), the maximal area power densities are 231, 207 and 189 mW·m-2. The maximum power density of 124 mW·m-2 and the degradation rate of aniline is 87% using 500 mg·L-1 aniline as sole fuel. The degradation rate of aniline reaches over 84% and rate of COD over 88% at different concentration ratio. Results show the maximal power density, the degradation rate of aniline, and removal of COD are enhanced by 12%, 14% and 16% repectively using sodium acetate -aniline mixture as the fuel more than that of glucose-aniline mixture as the fuel, When aniline is used as sole fuel, the maximal power density is enhanced by 42% and the degradation rate of aniline is enhanced by 17%. Results show that the generation performace selecting sodium acetate as the fuel is better than that of glucose as the fuel to start-up MFC.
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