Effects Of Surfactant On The Environment Behavior Of Two Organophosphorus Pesticide In Soils

The solubilization of chlorpyrifos and diazinon by 5 kinds of surfactant(TW80, TX100, TW20, SDBS and SDS)and effects of mixed anionic-nonionic surfactant and abio-electrolyte in the solubilization were discussed in this thesis. The results indicated that the solubility of chlorpyrifos and diazinon in water was greatly enhanced by these five surfactants, and the capacity of solubilization by anonionic surfactant is distinctly bigger than anionic surfactants, which shows well application foreground of solubilization. The mixed anionic-nonionic surfactant can partly affect the solubilization, TX100 and SDBS with the ratio of 1:3 in the concentration of 500mg/L have a 3.42 times solubilization ability of chlorpyrifos. Effects of 4 kinds of inorganic salts (NaCl, KCl, CaCl₂ and MgCl₂) in the solubilization of chlorpyrifos in SDBS micellar solutions was also investigated by amatrix of batch experiments. The results indicated that different inorganic salts have different effects on solubilization.The mixture in proper proportion of anionic surfactant and inorganic salts can be well used in subsurface remediation with a appropritate solution.Effects of 3 different concentrations'surfactant (SDBS, TW80 and CTAB) in adsorption and mobility of diazinon were studied in 9 soil types, using batch equilibrium technique and soil thin layer chromatography. The soils were in different physical properties including the 6 representational soil types in Hunan province. The result indicated that SDBS could significantly reduce the adsorption and accelerate the mobility of diazinon in variety of soils. the adsorption coefficient (Kd) and mobility factors (Rf) showed evident negative correlation and positive correlation with the concentration of SDBS, respectively. TW80 and CTAB demonstrated a certain similarity in the adsorption and mobility of diazinon within the framework of 0.1CMC to 2CMC (CTAB 1% to 100%). While the Kd and Rf showed positive correlation and negative correlation with the concentration of surfactant, respectively. However, the opposite trend was displayed within the concentration of 2CMC to 5CMC(CTAB 100% to 200%).