Controllable Fabrication Of Super-hydrophobic Copper Nanowire Arrays And Application In The Detection And Adsorption Of Water Pollutant

Super-hydrophobic metallic surface of which the contact angle is below 150o and the contact angle hysteresis is below 5o, can be obtained by constructing micro-nano structures and modifying low surface energy materials on the surface of metal. And the controllable realization of different wettability of metallic surface, especially the super-hydrophobic behavior, provides potential possiblity for wider applications of nano-metallic meterials.In this paper, copper nanowire arrays were fabricated in Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO) templates based on redox reaction. And according to the control of different reaction conditions, copper nanowire arrays with different morphologies were obtained. A serious of experiments concerning hydrophobic properties were conducted on as-prepared copper nanowire arrays with different wettability induced by different morphologies. These different hydrophobic behaviors were compared and analyzed in this study. What's more, this paper preliminarily investigated the detection of Pb2+ (10-7M) in water solution, by taking copper nanowire arrays as working electrodes in square wave anodic stripping voltammetry. These copper nanowire arrays were also used to absorbing trace amounts of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB, 10-9M) in water solution.The first chapter introduced the fabrication, development and application of super-hydrophobic materials and copper nanowire. The harm of lead and PCB were also presented in this chapter.Chapter 2 mainly studied how to prepare AAO templates, and how to fabricate copper nanowire arrays in the nano-pores of AAO templates after the deposition of a thin layer of Au (100nm) on one side of the template. The morphology and structure of copper nanowire arrays were characterized by scanning electron microscope (FESEM, FEI Quanta 200 FEG), transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM-200CX) and high-resolution TEM. The crystallinity and content were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD, X'Pert Pro MPD) and selected area electron diffraction (HRTEM/SAED, JEM2010).Chapter 3 mainly investigated how to control the final morphologies of copper nanowire arrays by adjusting reaction time, ratio of copper ions and tin ions, concentration of metallic ions and the time of dissolving AAO templates. Among various morphologies based on different conditions, three typical samples were chose to conduct a serious hydrophobic behavior experiments, including the measurements of static contact angle, dynamic contact angle, bouncing behavior, the relationship of contact time and impact velocities as well as the relationship of jumping time and impact velocities. Finally, two classical models, Wenzel Model and Cassie-Baxter Model were used to explain the wettability of different morphologies. According to equations, the compact and vertical morphology was verified to fit the Wenzel Model and the honeycomb like morphology was verfied to fit the Cassie-Baxter Model.In chapter 4, copper nanowire arrays with different morphologies were used as working electrodes in the detection of trace amounts of lead (10-7M) in aqueous solution, according to square wave anodic stripping voltammetry. The results obtained by copper nanowire arrays with different morphologies were compared and analyzed. As the great adsorption properties caused by high specific surface area, the as-prepared copper nanowire arrays were empolyed to absorb trace amounts of PCB (10-9M) in water solution. The different results were compared and analyzed in this chapter.Finally, a short summary of the work and the goal of future research were made.