The Study Of Heavy Metal Pollution Of Soil And Vegetation Around Gold Mine Tailings

The tailings is a persistence pollution of heavy metals. It has the characteristics, namely, hidden, long-term and irreversible. Meanwhile, it may endanger human life through the food chain. Thus, the problem of the destruction of ecological environment is noticed which caused by the tailings.The purpose of this paper is to study the situation of heavy metals pollution in Puyu gold mine tailings. The soil and plants around the Huashan Gold Mine tailing are investigated. The test samples are collected through the system, the content of heavy metals has been measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and the method of Tessier sequential extraction is used. In addition, the methods of the accumulation index, the potential ecological risk index, the single pollution index and integrated pollution index are taken which are provided the heavy metals pollution of different material. The key points are the heavy metal speciation, bioavailability, and enrichment in plants. Finally, the rule of transformation of heavy metals in the tailings - the soil - the migration of plants is researched.The results shows that the main pollution is Cu and Cd in the soil and tailing of study area, and the Cd is formed by carbonate, which is easily influenced by soil environment, and has a strong migration, easily absorption by plant roots. Moreover, all plants have been polluted by heavy metals, the high content is given for Cu, Pb and Zn. The content of heavy metals in roots has significantly higher than the surface of earth, as root> leaf> seed. A great relativity are presented between the content of heavy metals in plants and the content of polluting soil, which reflect the absorption capacity of the plant is influenced by the content of the heavy metals in soil except for the physiological conditions. The sample plant has a prominent absorption capacity for Cd, it is related with the most active on the effective state in soil and the maximum enrichment coefficient. Meanwhile, it is found that the argy and leymus chinensis can be used to enrichment plants, which have contribution for the pollution of heavy metals and restoration of soil.In a word, the heavy metals are transformed in the tailings - the soil– the plants by physical, chemical and biological approaches, which is a complicated dynamic process.