Catalytic Synthesis Of Trimethylolpropane Oleate By P - Toluenesulfonic Acid Supported On Activated Carbon

Trimethylolpropane oleate has been given more and more attention as a new green lubricant, because it has excellent lubricating properties, good thermal stability, high temperature performance, high biodegradability and low toxicity and so on. It was widely used in chemical fiber oil, metal processing oil, hydraulic oil and aviation engine oil and other fields.Sulfuric acid catalyst was prepared for trimethylolpropane oleate on traditional industries, there is a serious corrosion of equipment, larger environmental pollution, poor product quality and so on. In recent years, p-toluenesulfonic acid has been widely used in the synthesis of trimethylolpropane oleate, p-toluenesulfonic acid has high catalytic activity, low temperature requirements, but there are some disadvantages, it is soluble in reaction system, separating the catalyst after the reaction process is difficult. A method for removing the catalyst is offer neutralized by alkali, It will generate a lot of floccs and affect product yield, and the catalyst can’t be recycled. Therefore, studying a economically affordable and green environmental protection catalysts becomes more and more important.In this study, p-toluenesulfonic acid supported on activated carbon was prepared. Through an analysis of the nature of the carrier and preparation method, selecting activated carbon as the carrier, p-toluenesulfonic acid as the active ingredient, p-toluenesulfonic acid supported on activated carbon were prepared by the impregnation method. The concentration of p-toluenesulfonic acid and the type and particle size of activated carbon activated carbon were disscussed. The repeated use of the catalyst was researched on the conversion rate. Synthesizing trimethylolpropane oleate of different catalysts were compared, p-toluenesulfonic acid supported on activated carbon catalyst has best result on synthesis. P-toluenesulfonic acid supported on activated carbon as catalyst was used on synthesis of trimethylolpropane oleate. The effects of catalyst, the molar ratio of acid and alcohol, reaction temperature and reaction time on the esterification reaction were researched by using single factor method, the results showed that:(1)the optimum conditions for the preparation of p-toluenesulfonic acid supported on activated carbon:select coal property 2# (2-4mm) activated carbon as the carrier, p-toluenesulfonic acid as the active component, the concentration of 30% is more appropriate, the catalyst was prepared by impregnation method; (2)the catalysts of trimethylolpropane oleate synthesis were researched, experimental results show that:p-toluenesulfonic acid supported on activated carbon catalyst has high catalytic activity, it can make up for the shortcomings of other catalysts, catalyst preparation process is simple, it has good catalytic performance and little pollution to reaction. After treatment only direct filtration was used. It has no equipment corrosion, and the catalyst convenient to recycle, reuse is better, it is a new and innovative type catalyst with a good prospect; (3) p-toluenesulfonic acid supported on activated carbon catalyst was used, the synthesis of new conditions of trimethylolpropane oleate was identified:acid an alcohol molar ratio was 2.85:1, the amount of catalyst was 5%, the amount of antioxidant was 0.03%, reaction temperature was 140℃, reaction time was 2.5h, the conversion rate can achieve 98.44%, the catalyst repeated five times still has high catalytic activity, the product was light yellow transparent liquid, reaction product confirmed by IR spectra was trimethylolpropane oleate.