Study On Risk Of Runaway Reactions Based On CFD Technique

The chemical industry is one of major important industries, and it is an important material basic for society and economy developing. But chemical product production process is very complicated,huge, and the chemical materials are explosive,poisonous, so it is a high dangerous industry.In the chemical product production process,most reaction is exothermic reaction reacting in a reactor with stirrer. Despite of the design of safe and reliable reactor and peripheral equipment,and the modern process control technology,the fire and explosion accidents occurred frequently caused by runaway reaction because of technology and human factors. Because the chemical production process is more dangerous than the others,it is easy to bring serious casualty,loss and pollution once runaway reaction occurs.At first in this paper, by analyzing the run-away reaction accidents of CSTR(Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor), the causes and characters of run-away accidents are summed up.Based on analyses of the reasons for runaway reaction,the safe critical operation conditions of runaway reaction is determined by the Stability Equation; besides this, the CFD technique is used to simulate the conditions inside of reactor. The criterion that the paper puts forward for the safe critical operation conditions and the charts of simulation results,can offer the available theory reference for the safety of CSTR.In this paper, by using the methods of thermal stability analysis, thermal stability criterion,computation of critical safe operation condition and the CFD numerical simulation,the practical chemical product production process is computed and simulated. Then the temperature scenes between safe-run and run-away are compared when only changing one of the operating conditions.