Development And Flame Characteristics Analysis Of A Novel Fiber-based Decorative Wall Panel

Interior wall decoration materials, one of the important parts of construction,is of great importance for social development. At present, common wood-based panels for decorative plates usually need surface decoration with thickening the plate, wasting raw materials, occupying a larger space, and also complicating the process of production and installation. Therefore, in order to satisfy people's demand for the quantity and quality of decoration materials, we tried to develop a novel fiber-based decorative wall panel and focused on studying the flame-retardant properties.According to the requirements for "humanity" on decorative plates, the structure of the novel fiber-based decorative wall panel and the molds were designed. Bamboo fiber was used as the materials for the novel fiber-based decorative wall panel. Through the research of production route, process parameters, test items of quality, testing methods and especially the flame-retardant properties.(1) According to the requirements on the decorative plate and actual conditions of modern life, the specification size of the novel fiber-based decorative wall panel is designed as followings: wideth-length is 460×460 mm,convex-concave degree is 5 mm, thickness is 1.2³.0 mm.(2) The production process of the novel fiber-based decorative wall panel is determined by analyzing the main processes including pulp, blending, suction filtration molding, hot press molding and trimming. And taking into account of the quality of the novel fiber-based decorative wall panel and on the basis of their productivity, the process parameters were determined as follows: sparse slurry time was 25 min, suction filtration time was 24 s, cold press molding time was 1 s, hot pressing time was 45 s, hot continuation time was 15⁹0 s, cold pressing mold pressure was 30 kN, hot pressing mold pressure was 132 kN, the above mold temperature was 160¹70℃and the below mold temperature was 180²00℃. (3) Quality inspection items and the reference index of the novel fiber-based decorative wall panel were obtained by the comparison with wallpaper and wood-based panels, mainly included physical properties detection (such as density, moisture content, water absorption and thickness swelling, water absorption and internal bond strength), the formaldehyde emission measurement and the determination of flame-retardant properties of the oxygen index.(4) Through the application of various types of fire retardants for flame retardant hand-sheets in the phase of exploratory research, the process of adding flame retardants after beating was adopted. It was found that the process not only reduced the loss of flame retardants, but also facilitated the process of the whole experiment. In addition, through the contrast between inorganic flame retardant and"Yuan Da"organic flame retardant, we found that inorganic fire retardants were environmental protection, and the retention rate was higher and lower cost than organic flame retardant.(5) Physical performance, flame retardant properties and formaldehyde emission of the novel fiber-based decorative wall panels were analyzed and comparative studied through the manufactures of sample with non-flame retardant, single flame-retardant system of Al(OH)₃, two-component system of Al(OH)₃/Mg(OH)₂ and multi-component mixtures of Al(OH)₃/Mg(OH)₂/ZincBorate. Then an integrated analysis method was adopted to discuss the influences of different combinations of flame retardant systems on the overall quality of the novel fiber-based decorative wall panels. By comparative analysis, the optimal combination was obtained as the followings: 25% aluminum hydroxide, 15% zinc borate and 30% magnesium hydroxide compound-combination. The oxygen index of the novel fiber-based decorative wall panels with the optimal combination was determined as 34.4, exceeded the minimum oxygen index of non-flammability in level 1(oxygen index≥30) of the Japanese Industrial Standard "JIS A1322 the flame test methods of thin materials used in construction "; and its formaldehyde emission was level E0. So it met the flame-retardant effect and also the environmental requirements.In conclusion, a novel fiber-based decorative wall panels was designed and deveolped with bamboo pulp as raw material, and focus on the study of the preparation of flame retardant and environmentally friendly novel fiber-based decorative wall panels. All these offered not only a new process technology roadmap for interior walls board, but also provided a theoretical basis and the foundation for further optimization study and large-scale production, also included the improve- ment research of determination of its quality.