Landscape Analysis And Ecological Effects Evaluation Of Parks In Shanghai

Urban Park provides recreational open-air green space for the residents of city. This kind of park is the green infrastructure and main publicly-owned area of city. Besides recreational function, it also can be used for cultural diffusion. Based on the detailed investigation and analysis of Shanghai's typical Urban Comprehensive Parks built in different periods, this paper finds four parks of unique features basically meet residents'recreation, workouts, etc, and create some due ecological benefits, economic and social benefits. Specific results are listed below:(1) In the development of Urban Parks of China, some minor changes have taken place in the form of space layout: the main stream changed from natural layout to hybrid-based layout. The spatial structure of these parks is reasonable; the areas of different function are perfectly demarcated. Landscape developed from relying on traditional classical gardening into using various forms of techniques and styles. Every park has distinctive features, and landscape techniques are ingenious. In these parks, Lu Xun Park, Qu Yang Park and Xu Jiahui Park have used the techniques of western landscaping, while Chang Feng park use Landscape of Chinese classical garden as a reference. In addition, the plants layout of each park are relatively reasonable, different layout of site plants reflects landscapers'understanding of ecological habits of plants and flexible application of plant configuration, which not only beautify the environment, but also highlight the natural ecological landscape.(2) Based on method of scenic beauty estimation (SBE), this paper evaluates the four landscape types in aesthetic perspective, and then finds the aesthetic features of landscape: the highest-scoring is water landscape, the second is the landscape of garden path, and the third is cultural landscape. This indicates the water landscape of park is more popular, and people also prefer the garden park both sides of which are straight tall trees, and diverse landscape of winding path. The cultural landscape did not receive much favor from groups of subjects, which may be due to monotonous color and form. Few cultural landscape photographs were given higher evaluation form subjects.(3) Through field investigation of four parks, the paper gets the data of trees attribute within the park quadrats, and assesses the ecological benefits of each park by the software of City green, the results show: the yearly comprehensive ecological benefits of four parks are 5.1055 million Yuan(Lu Xun Park), 4.8048 million Yuan(Chang Feng Park), 1.0373 million Yuan(Qu Yang Park), 1.1507 million Yuan(Xu Jiahui Park), the output values of unit area's ecological benefits are 178.300 Yuan / hm~2(Lu Xun Park), 13.21 million Yuan / hm~2(Chang Feng Park), 160.300 Yuan / hm~2(Qu Yang Park), 158. 300 Yuan / hm~2(Xu Jiahui Park). Because of long history, larger forest cover, rich plant community, etc, Lu Xun Park has the most comprehensive ecological benefits and the benefits of per unit area. Due to largest water landscape, Chang Feng Park has the lest output value(132,100 Yuan / hm~2) of ecological benefits in per unit area.