The Research On Urban Green Space System Planning Of Dongshan Island Based On Landscape Ecology

With the development of economy and society, the construction of suitable human settlements has attracted great attention. The green space, named "green lung of city", is playing important roles in improving the eco-environmental quality, beautifying city apperance and maintaining the ecological balance, etc.As the special geographical position and ecological environment, the urban green space of island city is different to inner city. This paper took Dongshan island in Fujian province as an example, introducing index of landscape diversity, landscape fragmentation, corridor density, etc. We analyzed and evaluated the pattern of urban green space, and pointed out the existing problems. On the basis of landscape scale principle, landscape pattern determining ecological process theory, and "patch-corridor-matrix" model, combined with the guidelines of "Ecology First", "Whole System" and "Sustainability", we applied landscape ecology to carry on the planning of urban green space of Dongshan, in order to establish an ecological landscape pattern urban green space, which is constructed by patch mosaic characterized by centralization and decentralization, combination of different sizes; corridor network characterized by criss-cross and organic links; and external natural matrix characterized by ecological soundness and urban replenishment; and finally to form an island city landscape consisted of mountains, sea, city and forestry. The main conclusions of this paper are as followings:(1) Theoretical conclusionsâ‘ Refering to the methods and standard of urban greenspace classification home and abroad, under the "patch-corridor-matrix" model, we propose the classification of urban green space:green patch, green corridor, and green matrix. It is a complement for traditional classification, which make it easy to acquaint with the structure and the function of urban green space.â‘¡In terms of landscape pattern deciding ecological process, we take planning of urban green space from the influence of landscape pattern on ecological security, leisure entainment, disaster prevention and refuge, biodiversity conservation, etc.â‘¢The introduction of evaluation index of landscape ecology, further improves traditional classification, enriches the evaluation contents of quantity and quality of greenspace, facilitates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the green landscape temporally and spatially, and gives certain reference to landscape ecological planning of urban green space system.(2) Practical research conclusionâ‘ Absolute quantity:The total area of urban green space is about 190.26 hm2 except other green space. The green space area is about 21.40 hm2 per capita, and the area of park green space is about 4.15 hm2. The green space ratio is about 24.81%, the green cover percentage is about 28.90%. It shows that there are still large gaps of three main green space index of Dongshan, and the basis of green space is very weak.â‘¡The construction of green landscape:The area of public park is about 36.90hm2, accounting for 4%. The area of nursery is about 7.81hm2(1%), the green buffer is about 53.51 hm2(6%), the attached green space is about 92.04hm2(10%), and other green space is about 724.43 hm2(79%). It shows that, due to superior natural environment, the proportion of other green space is significant, and the area of green buffer accouts for certain proportion because of the construction of coastal protection forest early, but the area of the important green space, park green space, is relatively low, which cannot meet the requirement of leisure entertainment and disaster prevention and refuge. The area nursery cannot keep up with the pace of urban construction.â‘¢Landscape ecological analysis:Through ecological analysis of present situation of green space, the diversity index of other green space is the highest(4.0005), public park and green buffer are following, nursery is lowest(1.3819) for its lower amout. The dominance index of public park is predominant(1.5260), followed by othe green space, green buffer and nursery. The patch density index of nursery is 1.5260, other green space is 0.0387. The fragmentation index of other green space is relatively high, nursery is the lowest. And corridor density index is 0.2608. The results show that the diversity index should be improved especially public park, and the landscape connectivity needs to be strengthened.â‘£Green space planning:Based on the special environment and actual condition, we try to meet the qualification of national indices by short-term and long-term green space construction. By means of proper setting of the size, amount, shape and location of green patch, which is characterized by centralization and decentralization, combination of different sizes; and the proportion arragement of patches and the construction of corridors; and the introduction of external natural environment, the relaiton and connection of landscape elements will be strengthened. After the planning of urban green space, the diversity index will be increased, the fragmentation index will be decreased, the comprehensive benefit will be improved to some extent.