Research On Highway Tunnel Fire Simulation And Person Escape

With the increasing scale of highway construction, the number and length of highway tunnel increase rapidly, and specialy long tunnel and tunnel crowd appear massively. It requires higher standard for tunnel management and fire evacuating and rescuing. Fire is one of the larger and inevitable disasters during the process of highway tunnel operation. The scholars inland and abroad have done many researches on smoke spreading principle, temperature field and smoke field. There are relatively few researches on the human escape. The escaping ability under condition of highway tunnel fire relates to his own physical condition, cumulative level of temperature and smoke damage to person. So it is very difficult and complicated to study the escape conditions of tunnel fire comprehensively and accurately. Some of current studies on the person escape only concern the temperature or the CO density, or the absolute value of visibility. Although some has considered the relationship of time, temperature and smoke, they have not considered the impact of them simultaneously.Taking an actual highway tunnel as the research object, the thesis takes advantage of FDS software to make a large number of numerical simulations the temperature field, flue gas concentration field and visibility on the distributions in the tunnel under the condition of a medium scale fire and longitudinal ventilation winds of critical wind speed. I have done. It acquires the distribution discipline of temperature, CO density and visibility. The conclusion is that the CO density in tunnel centreline is lower than that in tunnel wall for the fire downstream places, and the condition of visibility is opposite. So a person should escape along tunnel centerline.Then it conbines the outcome of numerical simulation with person escape, and takes revised Chladni formula and FED loses ability module as escape behavior criterion. It considers comprehensively the relationship of human escape and duration time under the interaction of temperature and CO density. It acquires the maximum safe escape time for human in different places of tunnel and the human escape place about 1min after tunnel fire starts.Finally, some measures to improve the evacuation are provide, which are tunnel fire emergency plan, reasonable control of ventilation during the fire, use of cross-channel and escape room to increase escape probability and reduce the safe evacuation time for escape person.This article provids important technical support to formulate escape and rescue plan for long highway tunnel fire.