Study On The Fire Safety Evacuation Considering The Temperature And Carbon Monoxide Of Highway Tunnel

Research on tunnel disaster prevention, disaster relief, and personnel evacuation, the fire of the initial growth phase is very important for the temperature increase, smoke diffusion, personnel escape and rescue personnel position. In the tunnel fire, the passenger in addition to being high-temperature gas to the respiratory tract damage, but also harmful gases by fire damage. At present, the tunnel of fire at home and abroad in the study of temperature, gas generation and other parameters, according to different fire scale, the constant heat release rate is be used. Although it can simplify calculation result, safety, but cannot tends to simulate fire growth and decay of the actual process. In addition, too many papers only use constant temperature or Carbon monoxide to simulate the fire in the escape condition, obviously defective.Firstly, with reference to relevant literature, analysis the current international advantages and disadvantages of a variety of heat release function. On the basis of Chang'an University, Yang Tao given heat release function, based on numerical simulation methods to study the different wind speed and different scale tunnel fire temperature and smoke concentration field.Secondly, in the literature, the amendment proposed by Granee formula escape the conditions of temperature is important. According to fire smoke, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen cyanide and other harm to human body mechanism, the FED model of disability accomplish as a harmful gas to escape when the tunnel fire conditions. It is the first time that consideration the temperature and smoke damage together on the escape tunnel fire.Thirdly, as Xia Men undersea tunnel for the object, using numerical simulation method to study the tunnel law after the fire broke out, at different inlet velocity, different fire scale, different fire location and the different fan location, cross channel, shaft opening when the tunnel pressure distribution, flow distribution, temperature distribution and the smoke distribution. Obtain the fire and smoke spread regulation of the temperature distribution in different regions inside the tunnel. Finally, according to extremely time the passengers endure in the harmful gas and high temperature environment, passengers are given areas and safe evacuation distance at different wind speed, different fire scale.The main conclusions of this paper are:(1) It is the first time that taking into account the temperature and the damage of harmful gases on the human body and its application in the study of tunnel fire escape; (2) Choosing the time-varying heat release function and the numerical simulation method to research different situations of the temperature and smoke field inside the tunnel fields, the following conclusion:â‘ In the same time the temperature of each feature point with the fire decreases with increasing distance, and reduce the rate is gradually reduced. In addition to fire, the tunnel, the other characteristic points of the highest temperatures occur at a later time, and fire, the maximum temperature compared to the emergence of time, there is a time delay;â‘¡After the fire, the tunnel has three-stage vertical distribution of temperature distribution:In the beginning a short distance downstream of the fire, the temperature was lower than that distributed in both sides of the "hot section on both sides" of the temperature. The next section of the subsequent development of central region from both sides of the temperature slightly higher temperature than some of the "center and high temperatures." The last remaining area to the exit temperature distribution became more uniform, "even paragraph";â‘¢For Xiamen undersea tunnel, when the fire size of 20MW, it should take no less than 3m/s wind speed of fire control, when the fire size is 30MW, it should take no less than 4m/s wind speed of fire control;...