Optimal Design And Performance Analysis Of New-type Photovoltaic Cells By Anti-reflection Membrane

Solar energy is deemed to be a clean and inexhaustible source; the important and effective use of it is photovoltaic. Solar cells are the core of photovoltaic power generation, but their photoelectric conversion efficiency is still lower, especially for the emerging thin film solar cells. Therefore, it is still a very necessary research topic to actively explore ways to further reduce the PV surface reflection loss of light and enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells.In this thesis, our main work is to explore the optimization of the surface of photovoltaic cells by anti-reflection structural theoretically and to study how to use nano-photonic structures to improve the photon-coupling efficiency of Solar cells (especially for thin film ones). And the paper is divided into four chapters.The chapter one is the introduction, firstly summarizes the overview of the research background and significance, and then introduces the main contents of this paper.The chapter two introduces the theoretical basis for analysis of sub-wavelength grating, coupled wave and the effective medium approximation theory, and two kinds of the theoretical results are compared. Then, based on the effective medium approximation theory and thin-film analysis, we analyze the optical characteristic of sub-wavelength grating using genetic algorithm, the results show that sub-wavelength grating has excellent anti-reflective property, than we propose and explore the idea of replacing the sub-wavelength grating to anti-reflection film in Solar cell surface.The chapter three describes the characteristics of the surface plasma and finite difference time domain FDTD algorithm in detail, theoretically study the two kinds of nano-metal grating model (One can be applied to achieve anti-reflection on front surface, the other can be used to achieve anti-transmission on back surface), the appear out of their local surface plasmon field and transmission enhancements may be used in thin film photovoltaic cells to improve the photon-coupling efficiency.The chapter four summarizes the work and prospects. In short, the theoretical analyses of this thesis provide a theoretical basis for the research and exploration of nano-photonic structure, and also have some reference to the design of nano-photonic devices.