Research On Multi - Objective Optimization Design Of Anti - Recoil Device For Large Caliber Gun

Large caliber gun recoil force and muzzle disturbance are key factors to affect the cannon firing accuracy. In order to reduce the recoil resistance and muzzle disturbance, from angle of system, launch dynamics of rigid and flexible coupling system and multi-objective optimization of recoil mechanism are investigated for a large caliber gun by comprehensive use of design theory of gun, multi-body system dynamics, sensitivity analysis, and optimization design theory, which can provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for optimization design of overall structure and recoil mechanism of this kind of artillery.The main tasks of the gun multi-body system dynamics are introduced. Coordinate systems, calculation of degree of freedom and formulation of multi-body system dynamics equation used by ADAMS software are illustrated, and the modeling process is given. Genetic algorithm based multi-objective optimization theory and solution method are discussed.Based on understanding of a large caliber gun structure and dynamic characteristics of launch processes, rigid and flexible coupling of the multi-body system dynamics model during firing is constructed, in which barrel, cradle, and top carriage are treated as the flexible bodies. The modal neutral file of each flexible body is established. The connection between the flexible body and other objects is implemented by interface points defined by master and slave nodes. The mathematical models of bore force, recoil mechanism force, recuperator force, and balancing machine force of a towed howitzer during firing are developed. The method of dynamic link library is used for incorporating the subroutine of launch forces with ADAMS software. Dynamics response of motion and forces are obtained by means of numerical calculation method. The proposed dynamics model is validated by comparison between the measured data from firing experiment and dynamics response from numeric calculation.By means of ADAMS/Insight software, sensitivity analysis model of rigid and flexible coupling multi-body system dynamics is established for a towed howitzer gun. Influence of structure parameters on muzzle disturbance when projectile at exit is examined, and those parameters which have significant impact on muzzle disturbance are found out, which can provide the basis for optimization design of parameters of gun overall structure.Structure parameters optimization of gun system is conducted by combination of dynamic analysis technology and genetic algorithm. Dynamics optimization is performed for the overall structure and recoil mechanism of the towed gun by use of Niched Genetic Algorithm and ADAMS Solver. The multi-objective optimizations of recoil resistance, recoil length and muzzle disturbance in different conditions of firing angle are performed, and the optimization effect is remarkable.