Study On Properties Of Lead - Carbon Negative Electrode And Positive - Electrode Grating Alloy For New Lead - Acid Battery

With the serious problems of energy and environmental pollution today, people start working on new energy development. Under this background, hrbrid and all-electric cars emerge. As the core compoent of electric vehicle, the battery directly determine the qualities, therefore, searching a high-performance battery is particularly important. Compare with other batteries, because of the low cost and mature technologies, the lead-acid battery has long occupied the large market share of electric vehicle. However, the battery is difficult the meet the strict requirements of high power capacity, long cycle life and so on, it still restricts the application of the lead-acid battery in electric vehicle field. In order to solve the problems, the experiment starts from two aspects, firstly, adding a new carbon material to improve the cathode formula so that the capacity and cycle life of battery can be increased. Secondly, adding the the rare earth elements of lanthanum, cerium and alkaline earth elements of barium respectively so that the corrosion resistance performance of positive grid can be improved.First of all, this article is adding carbon nanotubes and compound carbon powder respectively to the traditional lead paste formula, and compared performances to conventional lead-acid batteries to get the best negative formula. Internal organization structure of carbon nanotubes and compound carbon powder can be analyzed and compared by TEM, combined with the surface morphology of negative plates and the electrochemical analysis test, XRD and so on to select the best adding carbon material. Then, changing the content of compound carbon by the initial capacity and cycle life testing so that finally determines the content of additive;Secondly, different contents of barium, lanthanum and cerium would be added to Pb-Ca-Sn alloy respectively in this article, the best adding material and ratio can be obtained by analyzing the morphology of the corrosion layer and the test methods of polarization curves, Taffel curves, tensile strength and microhardness.Researches show that the best adding material is compound carbon, and the optimal proportion is 0.2% for the lead-carbon negative electrode. Compared with the conventional lead-acid batteries, the hydrogen evolution potential of the improved battery is decreased obviously, the effect of hydrogen evolution is suppressed effectively, and the capacity is increased by 4.6%, the cycle life is also improved obviously; for the positive grid, compared with the original Pb-Ca-Sn alloy, the corrosion resistance of adding barium sample can be increased by 23%, adding lanthanum sample can be increased by 6.19% and adding cerium sample can be increased by 52.21%. It can be seen that the corrosion resistance can be improved most by adding cerium, but the tensile strength and microhardness are much less than the original sample. However, the tensile strength and microhardness can be improved by adding barium and the corrosion resistance is not bad. Therefore, considering all kinds of factors, the best adding metal is barium and content is 0.03%.