| At present, expressway monitoring system construction has become an important component of expressway construction. And electromechanical facilities are more and more complete. But the problem not high of utilization ratio of facilities exists in the electromechanical projects of the expressway that have already come into operation. This text has investigated the technology which is used for controlling to the traffic flow operation state of the expressway in real time more deeply, analyzed and studied systematically and have summarized the following several reason tentatively:The vehicle detection is laid unreasonably.Data gathered can't describe all states of the traffic flow of the expressway.The traffic flow is not controlled scientifically.This text has analyzed and studied to the above-mentioned problems and provide the corresponding countermeasure. The first part has described the current situation of the monitoring system of the expressway including the current situation of the capital equipment and that of researching algorithm measuring the incident automatically,traffic flow theory and control theory. The second part uses the technology of collecting samples and relevant theories in traffic engineering to study the method of laying vehicle detections. Meanwhile, regarding ShangHai-NanJing expressway as the instance, this text has designed the scheme of laying of the vehicle detections on its some highway sections. The third part mainly discusses the application at catching the information of the crowded traffic flow of the theory which regard the change of traffic flow as the fluctuation of a kind of fluid. On the basis of the second part , the fourth part has designed the process of controlling the traffic flow of expressway scientifically and rationally. Finally, this text studied the software structure of the monitoring system of expressway in term of the overall situation and then looked forward to the research trend of this subject.
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