Study On Optimizing Urban Form Based On Urban Calamity Prevention

In the process of our urbanization, the type of spread out of city(especially big city) bring a lot of problem such as urban transportation in mess, ecological environment worsen, social problem appearing, which cause urban operation function disorder,weaken the urban resistance of calamity prevention. The form of city includes city structure, space, function, economy, society, culture, history, aesthetics and calamity prevention, however,at present the study of urban form emphasize aesthetics, function and the economy of city, other aspects neglected, especially city calamity prevention plan often adapt to urban form passively ,when city meet calamity,it also passively adopt calamity prevention measure.This thesis analyses the relationship between city form and city calamity prevention from three aspects of city green system, city transportation and city public facility. According to urban calamity prevention to raise the methods of optimizing city form:establishing city form according city calamity prevention;emphasize the program construction of city refuge; emphasize the construction of city green system and city calamity prevention park; the transform of city village and strengthen formulating legal regulations.In the example of this paper, we got the spatial distribution map of population density by spatial interpolation, in which the population data are distributed on the grids. The results of the distribution of interpolated based on GIS is closed to a real population distribution. population data is a major factor of calamity prevention ability of city park, the population data space distribution realizes the ration of population data and offers data sources for analyzing calamity prevention ability of city park.The author analysed calamity prevention ability of xi'an current park based on GIS quantitative and qualitative in this paper.Considering population data we got some results such as the number of Xi'an current city park is few, it's distribution is not reasonable, it can not satisfy the urgent refuge requirement when calamity occurs.Soon afterwards we raise improving measure such as constructing urban calamity prevention park etc. Finally, we analysed periphery resource of urban park, which offer basis for calamity relief such as population loosen and resource allocation etc when calamity occurs.