Study On Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) And Its Application In Automobiles

The theory system of the life cycle assessment(LCA) tries to harmonize the relationship between the humanity and the nature. LCA,pushes the continuous improvement of the human society by integrating the system innovation ,technology progress and management reform, ect. Therefore,it is significative to study the theory system of the LCA and its application, whateverfor raising the quality and efficiency of the environment protectin, or for the productiong organizing of the industry enterprise department, or for the government'senvironmental lawmaking,or for the environmental standards and the product ecolabelling.In this thesis, based on the deeply study on the theory system and the analysis of state-of-art of LCA,a new product life cycle assessment model is presented, and applied in the synthetical assessment of the domestic automobile engine.Firstly, the state-of art of LCA in domestic and overseas is introduced brielfly, in which the the requirement of LCA application inthe automotive industry is emphasized and discussed. Based on those points, the theory system of LCA is analyzed deeply, and the conception framwork and assessment approach are also expounded systematically.In the second part, according to the situation of our country's environmental protect and the industry development (especially mean the automotive industry), a new LCIA(Life Cycle Impact Assessment) model is presented by integrating some kinds of LCA model that applied in the international academic area.A semiquantitative method is used in this model. It includes four associative technology step-calculation of the impact potential figures of the environmental exchange, data standardizationweighting, and the calculation of the coefficient of the environmental load and resourceconsumption.As a case study,the model is applied to synthetically assessing the domestic automobile engine. The assessment result shows thatmost of the exhaust of our automotive engine does not measure up green exhaust standard in nowdays.Chongqing is famous of its automobile and motorcycle industries. According to the assessment data and results of the LC A of domestic automobile, several advices are presented to improve the environmental consciousness of Chongqing automobile and motorcycle industries. It is an important way to keep and expand the advantages of the Chongqing automotive and motorcycle industry to emphasize the greening conception in the whole life cycle of automobile and motorcycle, to stretch the new automotive industry chain, and to reinforce the technology R&D, to improve the greening of the engine, to build up the second-hand automotive trade market and to extend the automotive life cycle.