The Deformation Of Ground And Geoid Caused By Building Load

With the swift development of economy, there are more and more large and high buildings in big cities. The earth is elastic, and any loading on its surface may lead it to elastic deformation. The large scale but dense buildings have become a kind of loading that can not be ignored, which will destroy the initial balance of the earth and caused the deformation of the ground. In this paper, based on the solid tide theory of the elastic earth, the ground and geoid deformations caused by loading of neighboring buildings are studied. The data is derived from Shanghai Surveying Station.In this paper, five kinds of deformation have been calculated: the vertical and horizontal deformation of the ground, the undulation of the geoid, the slope of the geoid and the change of the ground gravity. The result shows that the vertical deformation of the ground, reaching millimeter magnitude, is greater than any other deformations. The deformation of the geoid takes on sine wave, whose swing attenuates with the distance increasing. Besides, the change of ground gravity has reached milli-gallon magnitude. So it is obvious that the building loading has affected the precise engineering surveying a lot, and it must be seriously considered during the future applying.