The Basic Speciality And Research On Self-powered Equipment Through Piezoelectric Vibrators

The process of acquiring the energy surrounding a system and converting it into usable electrical energy is termed power harvesting. In the last few years, there has been a surge of research in the area of power harvesting. This increase in research has been brought on by the modern advances in wireless technology and low-power electronics such as microelectromechanical systems. The advances have allowed numerous doors to open for power harvesting systems in practical real-world applications. The use of piezoelectric materials to capitalize on the ambient vibrations surrounding a system is one method that has seen a dramatic rise in use for power harvesting. Piezoelectric materials have a crystalline structure that provides them with the ability to transform mechanical strain energy into electrical charge and, vice versa, to convert an applied electrical potential into mechanical strain. This property provides these materials with the ability to absorb mechanical energy from their surroundings, usually ambient vibration, and transform it into electrical energy that can be used to power other devices. When using piezoelectric materials as a means of gathering energy from the surroundings, in most cases it is a necessity that a means of storing the energy generated be used. Without accumulating a significant amount of energy, the power harvesting system will not be a feasible power source for most electronics. so it is focus on the development of power harvesting.1. The review of Power Harvesting from Vibration using Piezoelectric MaterialsNow the focus of power harvesting from the Piezoelectric is on the two points: one is the field such as manner .Power Harvesting Efficiency and Damping Effect.The other is the field of Power Storage and Circuitry. And the last is the hotspot of the research now.2. The basic theory of piezoelectric power actionThe piezoelectric power action principle and the correlative basic theory is the theoretical start of analyzing power from piezoelectric. So it is necessary to expatiate the basic theory of piezoelectric power action. The mechanical and electrical behavior of a piezoelectric material can be weight by the parameter mainly, such as dielectrical coefficientε,elastic constant s,electric constant d,mechanical and electrical coupling coefficient K,mechanical quality factor Qm and so on. Using the piezoelectric vibrator bending vibrations theoretical formula and the piezoelectricity knowledge, it carries on the vibration theory analysis to the cantilever beam vibrator and the circular piezoelectric vibrator, which works point the direction for optimal design of piezoelectric cantilever.3. Initial research on the method of storage for piezoelectric energy harvesting devices Choice the material of the piezoelectric basic on the theory; Establishing the model of the mathematics for optimal designing of cantilever; it carrys on the experimental test to the piezoelectric vibrator vibration characteristic; A suit of testing system of piezoelectric ceramics generating capacity is designed and done in this paper. As per piezoelectric ceramics generate electricity performance index parameter and influencing factor, Hall displacement transducer and charge amplifier be designed , which measured the piezoelectric ceramics amplitude and quantity of electric charge. Data acquisition software is compiled,and the disposing and displaying to testing parameter of collection clip can be processed. And also It offers a testing analysis platform for looking into the influences of piezoelectric ceramics generating capacity, which were brought by piezoelectric ceramics size parameter and environment swing; Introduced the material selection and manufacture technics of piezoelectric vibrator; Test and compare the capacitance batteries and super capacitance, which are the medium of the piezoelectric power harvesting.4.The circuit and wireless sensorDesign and test the circuit of piezoelectric power harvesting. Based on it, according to the characteristic that the piezoelectricity electricity generation voltage is high, the electric current is small, the electric charge production is the transient state and in turn, it has designed the piezoelectricity electricity generation power circuit, then collects and stores the electric quantity with it. Designed and manufactured the wireless launch and receive device with F05 and J05C,it can adapt piezoelectricity electric power facility electrical energy supply request. According to their inexpensive price, long transmission range, low power loss, high reliability, it suits specially in the low cost wireless communication equipment, it can realize the wireless communication and the wireless control through this kind of wireless receiving and dispatching module.5. ConclusionValidate the feasibility of that batteries and super capacitance can be competent for the medium of the piezoelectric power harvesting. The result said that, when using the batteries as the medium, under the low frequency, the piezoelectric cantilever can abound the batteries, which is 15mA and 80mA, in the store time. Under the high frequency, the effect is still content. The finding that piezoelectric materials can be utilized for recharging batteries brings power harvesting significantly closer to the commercial market and opens up many doors for its application. Finally we has constructed the wireless launching device based on piezoelectricity. Including the electric-generating facility based on piezoelectricity, the corresponding energy conversion storage circuit, storage circuit, the launching and the receiving device. And we carries the on-line experiment. The test result indicated that: The power from the piezoelectricity electric-generating can drive the wireless launching device we designed. The wireless receiving device also can receive the signal from the launching device accurately. The reliability is quit high.. The wireless electropult provide prief for application of piezoelectricity electric-generating in micro-electronic area.