The Designs Of Sand-initiated Device And Researches Of The Effects Of Sand Characteristics On Abrasion

Abrasion, often taking place in hydropower engineering projects, is an important problem. In this paper, the shortcomings of main abrasion devices at present and the functions of device that needed in this experimental study were analyzed, then the sand-initiated device for studying the mechanisms of sand abrasion together with Magnetostriction apparatus was designed. After the studies of abrasion mechanisms and the effects of sand characteristics on abrasion were reviewed, the effects of sand diameters and sediment concentrations on abrasion were investigated emphatically according to the experiments. The works included:(1) The sand-initiated device was designed for studying the abrasion mechanism ofdifferent diameters of sand and different sediment concentrations on metallic material.(2) The effects of sand diameters and sediment concentrations on steel No.45 were studied. From the experimental results, the abrasion process can be divided into three periods: incubation period, acceleration period, steady state erosion period. There is no deceleration period.(3) It was found that fine sediment has good effects on test samples under the conditions of abrasion, and a new concept CRITICAL DIAMETER was firstly presented.(4) The experimental results showed that abrasion of the samples increased as the sediment concentrations increased.