Preparation, Performance Study And Application Of A New Consolidation Material For Earthen Archaeological Site

Since the amazing appearance of Jinsha archaeological site of Chengdu in February 2001, the protection of these valuable culture relics is increasingly crucial due to their roles of ancient civilization's carriers.It is significant not only to Jinsha archaeological site of Chengdu, but also to those all over the world, to prepare a new type of protective material for humidity-surrounded earthen site.It is also important to realize scientific protection for earthen archaeological site and to develop the historical and archaeological industry wholly.Based on the researches of main diseases of Jinsha earthen archaeological site, three kinds of basic materials(crylic acid,organic silicon and epoxy resin) have been used to prepare new protective material(called BYE) by sol-gel method.The BTE hybrid material has been tested by DSC, FTIR, UV-VIS, AFM and after it applied in the consolidation tests in Jinsha site,the main conclusions are listed as follows:1. The proper proportion of preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid material is BA:KH570:HEMA:MA=6:0.5:2.5:1.0,at 70℃,TEOS:H₂O=1:2,acrylic acid (A): organic silicon (B)=90:10-80:20, the epoxy resin is 10%-20% on the basis of the total weight of the acrylic acid and organic silicon,KH550 is 3% on the total weight of the three.2. The tests show that the new hybrid material has high light permeation in the visible light and strong absorption in UV, therefore has high transparence and light aging.The new consolidation material also contains many functional groups and the inorganic phase and organic phase are linked by the chemical bonding, which effectively restrains the separation of inorganic and organic phases. The inorganic phases with the size of 20nm-70um, which are homogeneously distributed in the polymeric matrix, and therefore the hybrid material has smooth surface and fine heat-resistance.3. After the consolidation of Jinsha earthen samples by the hybrid material, the soil samples show little change of weight, colour and gas permeability and they still keep original appearance and performances.However, the acid-, salt- and water-resistance and compression strengthen of the soil samples is greatly enhanced.4. The primary consolidation tests on the Jinsha archaeological site indicate the hybrid material has rapid penetrating rate,suitable penetrating depth which reaches 6mm-10mm.The earthen carriers have little change of colour and the compression strengthen has been enhanced.Meanwhile, the earthen carriers have no problems of different strengthen between in- and out-side of earthen wall due to the fine flexility of the hybrid material.5. The consolidation mechanism of the new hybrid consolidation materials maybe ascribed to the complicated results of surface filming, conglutinating, filling and complex interactions, etc.