| Severe soil and water loss in Loess Plateau, especially Coarse Sediment Region can not only greatly restrict local economic development and social progress, but also result in the rise of riverbed of lower Yellow River. Building of silt dam is of significance to prevent Loess Plateau from water and soil loss and realize economic sustainable development in this area, to reduce the sediment amount flowed into Yellow River. Although, construction of silt dam has gained great achievement, the following problems on the planning and construction of silt dam have exsited such as the unreasonable spatial distribution of warping dam system, lower-stantard design of single warping dam, shabby conditions of existing facilities and inappropriate management and maintenance etc, in which the key to affect benefits and construction funds of warping dam system is its spatial distribution reseanobility. So it's greatly important on the spatial distribution reseanobility of warping dam system.The spatial distribution of warping dam system belongs to planning of dam system, including dam site location, dam height and disposal ratios of different scale warping dam.Based on the review of emergence and development of warping dam, some studies on warping dam and optimizing study on its spatial distribution, this paper made a case study of Xizhuang watershed, using spacial analysis of GIS software process data, improving current optimal model and operating Lingo software, finally achieving optimum site, height and disposal ratios of warping dam. It purposes to try to explore a method which can determine quickly warping dam site and verify extrapolation model.The study, firstly, uses many expanded model of ArcGIS software to fetch data from Chabagou DEM and uses Xtools to caculate area; Secondly, uses Excel software to achieve their relationships between dam height and control area, between dam height and reservoir volume and between dam height and earthwork by their calculation principle; Thirdly, based on improving current optimal model, uses Lingo software to achieve optimal dam site, optimal dam height and optimal disposal ratios. Many achievements have been made in different phases such as spatial analyzing phase, dam site locating phase and optimizing phase. Achievements in spatial analyzing phase are: border diagram of Xizhuang watershed, DEM diagram, stream network diagram, watershed diagram, stream order diagram, sub-catchments delineation diagram(diagram4-6 to 4-12); Achievements in analysis phase of potential construction are: analyzing potential construction of every subcatchments(table 4-1 to 4-3); Achievements in dam site location and data measure phase are: gully selected to build dam diagram, dam site distribution diagram of warping dam for embankment, planned key dams parameters, planned medium-minitype warping dam parameters (diagram 4-13,4-14,table 4-4,5-2); Achievements in dam system optimization phase are: improving the optimal model of WuYongChang, and using the improved model to optimize dam system in Xizhuang watershed and achieving greatly effect(diagram 5-2,5-4,5-5,5-6,5-9,5-10,table 5-3).Through the case study the author's conclusion is: First, the method of using ArcGIS software to select dam site is more explicit, scientific and quick than that of handwork operation; Second, Lingo software can quickly achieve optimal global solution, which verify extrapolation model's validity; Third, the purpose of the study is exploring a method to optimize spatial distribution of warping dam system and reference for other study. |
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