The Analysis And Research For The Crude Oil Tanker Heating Process Operation System

Petroleum is the main energy sources for every country in the world. Petroleum will continue to be the main energy sources in the next several years. At present there are two main methods to transport the crude oil. One way is to use oil pipes; the other way is to use oil tankers. But the oil pipes are fit for short distance transportation and depend on the geographical condition. So the long distance transportation of petroleum is completed by the oil tankers. Because of the large viscidity of the crude oil, the pour point is high, which causes the problem of taking the oil off difficultly, the oil needs heating before being discharged from the tankers. Nowadays the most common method to heat the crude oil on board ship is vapor heating. For one hand, if the vapor heating time is too early, or the heating temperature too high, it will waste a lot of fuel oil and make pollution to the air. For the other hand, if the heating time is too late or the heating temperature is too low, it will be hard to discharge the crude oil from the oil tankers. These will make the delay of sailing date. So it is very important to make the proper control to the crude oil heating time.This article use the method of theoretical analysis combined with experimental validation and application verification on board ship. This operation system is applied to the 68000DWT double hull oil tanker, named "Ban Gong Hu", in DALIAN OCEAN SHIPPING COMPANY. The oil tanker heating model is established and the software is developed based on transient heat conduction gathered parameter method. The software calculates the heating time and heat preservation time of each single tank. This calculation method of a single oil tank makes easier for marine engineers to manipulate heating equipments. The calculation of the software refers to the different liquid height. This can improve the precision of the result.Based on the concrete parameter about "Ban Gong Hu", this article established a software operation system. The following aspects were mentioned: double hull below and outside the oil tanker; ballast water in the W.B.T; the crude oil tanks next to the tanks which need to analysis; stiffeners between the double hull; materials and surfaces about the heating pipes; pressure and temperature about the heating vapor; different boiler vapor flow rate ; crude oil density, specific heat, viscosity , thermal conductivity and so on; character; physical parameters of the inert gas; temperature about the air and sea water; degree of rainfall; wave on deck.