Study On Characteristics Of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a new type of photoelectric chemical solar cell with low cost, simple preparation procedure, stable photoelectric performance, high photoelectric conversion efficiency and friendly environment action, which has a good prospect in the research of solar cell. Because of a further higher efficiency and lower cost, the solar cell based on nano-semiconductor materials and technology brings a large range of attention.The effects of key components of DSSC on photoelectric property, including nanoporous TiO₂ films, redox electrolyte and counter electrode are studied, in order to obtain a high conversion efficiency.The effects of materiel component, PEG, drying and sintering process in sol-gel preparation on the morphology and photoelectric property are studied. The nanoporous TiO₂ films are formed by electrophoresis with anatase TiO₂ which is prepared in low-temperature conditions, the morphology and photoelectric property are dependent on different deposition time and current density. We propose a new and simple preparation method of nanoporous TiO₂ films , obtain a conversion efficiency of 3.80% and change the content and form of Ti, obtain a conversion efficiency of 4.84%. The preparation technics of the doctor blading method were optimized and obtain a conversion efficiency of 4.55%.The effects of the surface treatment of the TiO₂ film with acid, alkali, C-coating and the metal compound on photoelectric conversion efficiency are tested by TEM, SEM, EDS, EIS and I-V characteristics of DSSCs.We find that acid treatment improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency to 5.13% and the compounds doped of Mg, Ca, Zn, Sn, La show better photoelectric performance.The photoelectric property depends on concentration of I₃^-/I^- and cations in electrolytes.The investigation shows DSSC with the electrolyte composed of 0.1 mol/L LiI, 0.01 mol/L I₂ ,acetonitrile-glycol (4:1) has high photoelectric conversion efficiency. The DSSC obtains a conversion efficiency of 1.21% assambled with quasi-solid-state electrolyte gelled by agaragar.We prepare a new C-Pt counterelectrode applied to DSSCs. Compared with Pt counterelectrode, it improves the Voc value by 24% and fill factor by 15%.