The Optimization Design Of Loader's Equipment Based On Electronic Control Auto Parallel Moving

With the rapid development of science and technology, recently Mechanics and Electronics as an advanced technology was used in engineering machines, and became a major development direction of the engineering machines. The application of the loader was the most widely in engineering machines, among engineering operation, it was primary work to shovel materials and entrucking, because the steps involved in the process was so relatively much, that operator's work intension became very greatly, through designing the mechanical machine of the equipment, the ordinary loader can make the bowl flat automatically and achieved translation properties of lifting state, and to a certain extent simplified the steps.The main idea was to combine Mechanics and Electronics technology, according to working station,electronic control equipment controlled automatically bowl angle, not only operators need not think too much how to manipulate bowl in their work , and made their workload even lower, but also it is unnecessary to consider the performance constraints of the bowl in the design process to equipment ,in the situation of no additional dynamic, made the shovel capacity of the loader enhanced.The research as the following:First. Overall designing the electronic control devices of the bowl. The main arithmetic and control was completed by a Singlechip, the radius position angle and the angle of the Bowl relative to radius were collected perspective with two photoelectric encoders, then transmitted the acquired signal to the Singlechip, compared the current bowl angle to the theory bowl angle (the theory bowl angle came from the structure operation of the equipment, after tabling to keep in RAM) by the Singlechip, drawn the difference, after amplifying the margin signal, then to control Electron-hydraulic proportional flow valve ,that can be realized between positive and negative of Infinitely Variable Speeds, made it drive the cylinders consecutive proportionally, make the cylinders achieve the desired angle.Second. Building the mathematical model of the equipment. Under shoveling and grubing state , using mathematical formula to describe the relationship and some constrained condition between the bowl tank applied force and the bucked grubbing force, and the length relationship between radius oil tank and circumrotate oil tank under the bowl flat automatically and achieve translation properties of lifting state to materials.Third. Using the penalty function to workout optimization program. Based on the different requirements of outside penalty function and mixed penalty function to the initial point, in this paper, adopted the method that the outside penalty function and mixed penalty function were combined, first used the outside the penalty function to find a point, because this point might be the local optimum point, and then used mixed penalty function to iterate .for finding the optimized point in feasible region. The non-binding optimization method combining with the penalty function is the Powell optimization method, we chose the quadratic interpolation as one-dimensional explore ways. Theoretically, the procedure can adopt any dimension optimize operations. There was a general purpose interface, to the different types of optimized institutions, users gave mathematical mode of the objective function and constraints function according to a certain format, so that we can combine the optimization process the punishment function to optimize.Forth. Using Visual C + + 6.0 to compile the optimization software of the loader device, it was compiled by the optimization process of the penalty function that combined the mathematical model of the equipment. The constraints about the bowl can be chosen freely by users who have the need whether it was electric control or not. As the actuator framework was relatively simple, we only selected and the 10 software parameters of the linkage mechanism as optimization variables, the other parameters involved was regard as the constant to participate in optimization compute, 10 optimization variables can also be chosen by the user freely, it is necessary to give the upper limit and lower limit for variables that were participated in the optimization, variables were not participated in the optimization that were directly given its specific value. After operation, the numerical variables of the optimal structure was shown, and the transmission power radio of the linkage mechanism at the current structure was given, users can compare the transmission power ability of the various the optimal solution by adjusting constrained condition. The optimal solution was showed that was saved as the form of text documents.In this study, three groups data of the successful iterative was optimized by software, shown the results are in feasible region, the equipment transmission power radio of the optimal solution structure was increased than a similar type in theory, and improved the shovel ability of the loader, basically achieved the desired results.