The Methodology Research And Application On Ship Environmental Impact Assessment Based On LCA

With the pressing pressure of global ecological and environment issues, the road of end of pipe control is becoming narrower and narrower. As one of the best environment management tools, life cycle assessment methodology has been brought into ISO14000 environment management system and been diffusely used.The ship is a complicated and giant system with various parts, equipments, materials and so on. Environment load comes into being in the whole life cycle of the ship, which are manufacture stage, operational stage, maintenance stage and scrapping stage. So the LCA methodology is the best choice to roundly and systemically assess the ship load to environment. With the development of ship manufacture ability, technology level and international competitiveness, China has been one of the biggest ship building countries in the world.Development and environment protection has been proposed forward in the 21th century and international competitiveness pays more and more attention to the environment protection. The competitiveness among ship building corporations is not only about ship performances, service quality and sale promotion, but also environment protection issues. International regulations and national standards against pollution from ships are becoming stricter. Therefore the need of life cycle assessment on ships is pressing.Based on integration of dissertation at home and abroad, a simplified Life Cycle Assessment is carried out for a ship operational stage to gain experience which has demonstrated that LCA is appropriate to evaluate environment impacts caused by ships.The main efforts and contribution of this dissertation are as following:(1)The research status and shortages on LCA are detailedly introduced. An example using Eco-indicator99 method based on ISO14000 standard is adopted to illustrate the LCA methodology.(2)A framework is introduced to evaluate ship environment performance by LCA method based on China environment impact categories and equivalent benchmark. An example is also adopted to demonstrate that the method is feasible.The scheme of ship inventory investigation is also proposed forward.(3)A software frame of LCA on ships is brought forward referring to outstanding LCA tools. The demand and function modules of the software system is confirmed.(4)An advanced fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is proposed which improves on the arithmetic of traditional AHP method in weight calculation. Rough sets methodology is applied in weight decision, which is a new method in LCA for weight decision. Examples are also proposed to demonstrate methods.