Object Morphology Detection Research Based On AVR

Wheel set is an important component of bogie locomotive, one of the main factorsaffecting the safety operation of trains. Over the years, railway transportation plays animportant role in the countries' economic development in the world,. As an importantcomponent of the wheel vehicles in the railway's safety transportation, it occupies animportant position. The traditional detection methods of wheel rely on manual,resulting in its low efficiency, high error rate. At present, our country has not yetuniversally realized automatic non-contact measurement towards train wheeldimensions. This paper discusses the relevant testing methods both at home andabroad according to parameters of wheel pairs measured. Coming up with a method ofmeasuring the distance between wheel tread surface and the sensor baseline throughlaser-detecting sensor to fit wheel tread curve, after the analysis and comparison ofvarious detection methods.The first part mainly discusses the background and significance of this study, andthrough the current round of testing methods and research status both at home andabroad, explores the application and significance of laser displacement measurementmethod's non-contact detection in wheel tread surface.The second part starts from the basic knowledge of the tread wheel surface, the theoryof laser triangulation rangefinder, and the basic principles of curve fitting, discussesthe basic principles of detection system towards tread wheel surface based on thebasic principles mentioned above.The third part is the overall hardware design of this detecting system, including thedesigns of AVR microcontroller's smallest system, optical data acquisition system,motion-controlling system and USB data storage system.The fourth part is mainly about the design of host computer LabVIEW's data analysissystem, including designs of the front panel and the frame ring program.The fifth part is the analysis of systematic errors. The system is consist of a hardwaresystem and a host computer software system, within the hardware's structure, the transaction between the stepper motor and the displacement platform is conducted through ballscrew, while the wheel's extrusion surface shape of post-injury in the weight-bearing are ever-changing, and these will result in system errors, how to avoid systematic errors is also a study of the contents of this chapter.