Study On Oil Spill Process Experiment Of Damaged Ship

At present, shipping oil spill damage is one of the most important polluted sources which destroy marine ecology and coastal environment, and study of physical and chemical properties on oil spill from tankers is not good enough. A prediction model which is able to carry out a dynamic calculation for oil spill from tankers according to oil leakage theory is urgently needed. Based on the model, practical principles of the leakage control should be developed, and oil spill risk and hazard have to be reduced totally through the Oil Spill "preventing" and "control" measures. Therefore, the oil leakage theory is studied in this paper, and the following aspects are discussed:Firstly, a physical model of oil spill from tankers is established according to principles of fluid statics and Bernoulli equation. Physical processes is analyzed, studying object is reasonably assumed, and leaking locations, broken hole area and height are comprehensively considered during the model establishment process. After establishing the model the theoretical data is acquired according to a theoretical analysis. Based on the theoretical data obtained, size, construction, broken hole locations and profile are determined by using the similarity theory. And then tank model is manufactured after purchasing relevant materials.Secondly, five properties of fluid including Inertia, compressibility, swelling, viscosity and surface tension are described. And relation between various fluid properties and oil spill experiment is briefly described. Movement methods of several fluids are illustrated, basic principles of oil outflow from small holes and thin-wall small holes are introduced, and the calculated methods of the amount of oil spills in MARPOL convention are also described. The working principle of oil leakage model is analyzed, which provides theoretical direction for establishing experimental model.And then, sensors, intelligent instruments, communication protocol, pressure gauges, monitoring devices, equipment layout and process design needed in the experiment are introduced. Conditions of use and precise of intelligent instruments and sensors are given respectively. Appropriate communication protocol and pressure data monitoring software are chosen for meeting the test requirements. Careful layout for experimental device is implemented, and experimental procedure is designed. High-precision dosimeter is applied for obtaining accurate oil density. All work done provide the accurate data for subsequent experiments.Finally, oil spills from tanker is reasonably simplified, and the experimental data is used to analyze the principle that broken holes diameter and height how to influence oil spills speed, amount and time. This principle is obtained under the conditions that broken holes are under or above water surface. The experimental results provide assistances for new oil spills control methods.Experimental methods is mainly applied to analyze oil spills from tanker in this paper, The analysis results play an important part in controlling oil spills from tanker.