Research On Reasonable Expressway Toll Rate Pricing

With the economic growing rapid of China by the policy of Reform And Opening, Short 20 years time, The development of highway made remarkable achievements. Among these, the pricing policy made an indelible contribution for the highway development. At present, China's highway network has begun to take shape, and the highway toll rates has become a public concern. Toll rates decided the allocation of highway resources, a reasonable toll rates can guarantee the income for the operators, but also give full play to social benefits of highway. But our country didn't have a proper rater calculation method and monitoring system. Operators in determining the rate often from their own point of view, but ignore the social benefits of road, which is not conducive to highway industry orderly, stable and healthy development. Therefore, this paper combined with the problems of developing highways, from the three basic principles: "benefits, income, equity", considered the relationship between various factors, developed a scientific and rational calculation method for highway toll rates. It's important for China's highway development, transportation development, even on the national economic development.This article combined foreign status first, to identify the unreasonable factors of our highway toll system and determine the principles and objectives for the research. This article then from the perspective of public economics to understand the price formation mechanism of highway, and compared with average cost pricing and marginal cost pricing for discussion the application of these two pricing methods, established a foundation for two-pricing model. From the highway toll price mechanism, we can see that the cost and the volume of traffic are two key factors in determining the rates, Chapter IV and Chapter V are for the two factors. In these chapters, definite methods of the costs and transfer traffic prediction model were established. Chapter VI is the focus of this article. In this chapter, the conclusions of the preceding chapters were integrated, after that, two-pricing model was proposed. The model is effective for integrating average cost pricing and marginal cost pricing. Workable, fair and can effectively suppress the phenomenon of overloading are the features of the model. This chapter also established an evaluation model for highway toll rates. The last part of the article is an example.