| Rice is widely cultivated on a global scale, more than half of the world population get rice for food. Heilongjiang province is one of the major rice production areas in China. However, the influence of the rice blast directly, as a big province of grain in our country Heilongjiang has become a frequent blast area, which serious influence rice production and food security in recent years. Traditional methods of prevention and control of rice blast are mainly chemical control, and breeding new varieties to rice blast, but the former big pollution, low efficiency, high cost, the latter as a result of rapid variability of rice blast fungus, Because of single long-term cultivation of varieties, the original disease major gene has gradually lost resistance. So to foster new resistance to rice blast new strains are by far the most effective and rapid economic method of resistance to rice blast.The molecular marker-assisted selection(MAS) could help to select the targeting rice plants fast and accurately, reduce the linkage-redundancy and facilitate the recovery of genetic background to the maternal genetic background. So MAS could be used to culture the blast-resistant rice variety. So, it is worth a try to foster carrying different gene of rice department or aggregate multiple rice blast resistance genes of rice varieties in the Heilongjiang rice blast resistance in rice breeding work.The rice Kongyu131 was introduced into Heilongjiang and became the widely cultivated variety because of its cold-resistance, early maturity, high quality, high and stable yield, and good adaptation. Recently, the worsening blast damage to Kongyu131 year after year made the blast heavier in some regions, which limited the further cultivation of Kongyu131. FYB contains Pid2 and Pid3 have the feature of broad-spectrum, high resistance to rice blast gene. In this study, we use of molecular marker-assisted selection techniques, broad-spectrum blast resistance gene Pid2 and Pid3 import Kongyu131 genetic background, cultivate the new line Kongyu 131(Pid2/Pid3). Improve the blast resistance of Kongyu131, Main results were summarized as follows.1. 45 Single-spore strains were isolated from diseased samples of Kongyu131which get from Heilongjiang and Hainan Provinces.2. Detect the rice blast resistance of donor parent FYB and receptor parent Kongyu 131, which were breed by MAS. The results show that the donor parent FYB have high resistance to rice blast bacteria flora of Heilongjiang rice Kongyu 131, that is to say, FYB can be used as cold rice Kongyu 131 source of the genetic improvement of resistance to rice blast resistance genes.3. Selection to the prospect of Pid2 select SSR markers RM20070, choose that of Pid3 markers RM19961.4. Got the Pid2 left exchange markers RM20017 and RM3 on the right side; Pid3 left side exchanged markers RM527 and right side exchange marked RM19994.5. Screened 57 background selection markers to identify the background of Kongyu131(Pid2/Pid3) from the 300 pairs of SSR markers.6. Taking FYB and Kongyu131 as parental nurtured Kongyu131(Pid2/Pid3). By the foreground selection, cross changes selection and background selection of F1, BC1F1, BC2F1, BC2F2, BC3F1 and BC3F2 generations of Kongyu131(Pid2/Pid3) and field trail of blast-resistance. The BC3F2 generations of rice plants which were Pid2/Pid3 positive, downsides of the target gene Pid2 with exchange chromosome segment, genetic background was 98.2% were got. These rice plants could be used to culture Kongyu131(Pid2/Pid3).
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