| On the basis of analyzing the traditional ingredients and the composition of amino acid in crop milk, formulated crop milk substitute with traditional feed stuffs and selected one crop milk substitute containing 13.36 ME MJ/kg and 38%CP for squabs from hatching to five days of age , the other crop milk substitute containing 13.39 ME MJ /kg and 30% CP for squabs from six to ten days of age. Then two trials were carried out.In the first trial two hundred squabs from hatching which average body weight was 11.59?.15g were randomly assigned to two groups (100 squabs per group) in order to study the effect of crop milk substitute on squabs performance from hatching to ten days of age. Control group was fed crop milk by breeder pigeons and experimental group were fed crop milk substitute by hand-fed.In the second trial six hundred pairs of healthy breeder pigeons were randomly assigned to three groups (200 pairs per group) in order to study the effects of low-protein ration and incubator-hatched and hand-fed squabs on breeder pigeons reproductive traits. For the first group (control group) and the second group breeder pigeons incubated eggs and fed squabs, their ration containing 12.2% protein and 8.0% protein respectively. For the third group it carried out incubator-hatched and hand-fed, its breeder pigeons ration containing 8.0% protein. Result suggested:(1) The ingredient and content of crop milk could change with squabs days of age increasing. The content of CP EE P NaCl Ash GE and the composition and content of amino acid in crop milk gradually decreased with squabs days of age increasing. Met is the first limit amino acid of crop milk as possible because the content of Met in crop milk is very low. There were no carbohydrate and high concentration of Glu and Asp in crop milk from hatching to three days of age(2) For hand-fed squabs from hatching to ten days of age, the body weights of squabs at three days of age, at five days of age the average daily gain of squabs from hatching to five days of age in control group were higher significantly than that in test group(P<0.01); On the contrary , the average daily gain of squabs from six to ten days of age in experimental group were higher significantly than that in control group(P<0.01). The body weight of squabs at ten days of age and the average daily gain of squabs from hatching to ten days were no significantly between in experimental group and in control group(P>0.05); These showed thatthe crop milk substitute can replace crop milk to satisfy the hand-fed squabs' nutrient requirement. Althoughjthe mortality rate of squabs from hatching to three days of age in experimental group was 60% as high as control group because hand-fed produces serious stress, the total survival rate in experimental group was 13.8% as high as control group. Coefficient Varieties of body weight of squabs at ten days of age were 41.5% as low as control group and the effects were very manifest with squabs of days age increasing . The feed conversion for squabs from hatching to ten days of age was very high, but it had a decreasing tendency with squabs days of age increasing.(3) Although the breeder pigeons reproductive periods in the second group were higher significantly decreasing (P<0.01) than that in the first group, eggs incubator rate was decreased by 10.6%. mortality of squabs was increased by 60.6%, they showed that on the condition of natural incubator and feeding the breeder pigeons could not fed a ration containing 8.0% CP.Carried out incubator-hatched and hand-fed, Breeder pigeons reproductive periods were decreased (P<0.01) by 74.8%. They had no effects on eggs fertility rate, but increased eggs incubator rate by 7.81%. They decreased breeder pigeons means daily feed intake by 54.35% and the breeder pigeons could be fed a ration containing 8.0% CP which could save much feeding cost. In a word, incubator-hatched and hand-fed not only elevated the breeder pigeons productivities but also saved feeding cost. |
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