Studies On The Performance Of Some Traits Of F₁ Generation, Cell Supension Culture And Plant Regeration Of Dendranthema Grandiflora

An observation was made on some characters of flowers,shoots,leaves in FI hybrid by the 26 multiple combination of 30 small-flower varieties of Dendranthema.The red color of flowers was bigger than yellow at genetic.Yellow and white that were original color didn't belong to matroclinal heredity.The white of matroclinal could produce wide separating color of FI generation.For the traits of FI generation crown head and stem height,the weakness appeared.The hybrid mean crown range and stem height were 63.2% and 71.8% of mean parent respectively;the hybrid mean crown head and stem height declined from 71.6%,76.5% to 49.3%,63.0% respectively as the matroclinal mean crown head and stem height increased,but the overparent individuals still emerged due to the large variable spectrum.For the traits of FI generation the inflorescence diameter,the number of ray florets and tubular florets,the heterosis apeared.The hybrid mean inflorescence d!ameter,the number of ray florets and tubular florets were 122.6%, 128.7 and 124.7% of mean parent respectively;the hybrid mean inflorescence diameter,the number of ray florets and tubular florets inclined more slowly,even appeared hybrid weakness except for mean inflorescence diameter as the matroclinal mean inflorescence diameter,the number of ray florets and tubular florets increased.In flower shaped,the heredity of flat plate shaped was bigger than 1-2 cycle flat shaped flower.The heredity of square leaf was bigger than rectangular leaf.The hereditability of stipule was stable.Explants from the leaves of small-flower varieties of Dendranthema 'Qiyuehong','Jinlian','Qiyuefenhuang','Aihong','Zhanghuang',were to culture and to get shoot.The optimum variety was'Qiyuehong'.Then calli was induced from up part of leaf,down part of leaf,petiole and part of shoot on the solid B5 and MS medium.The part of shoot was the most suitable explant for cell suspension cultures.The B5 medium supplemented with 0.5mg.L-1 2, 4-D and 0.2mg.L''6-BA and MS medium with 1.0mg.L-1 2, 4-D and 0.2 mg.L-1 6-BA could produce optium calli.On the differential B5 and MS medium supplemented with 2.0mg.L"'6-BA and 0.1mg.L"'NAA,the calli from the part of shoot could regenerate bud the most easily.Cell suspension cultures and plant regeneration were studied through the use of Dendranthma 'Qiyuehong'.Shoot of about 0.3cm in length gave rise to calli on MSmedium supplemented with 1.0mg.L"'2,4-D and 0.2mg.L~'6-BA or with 0.2mg.L"1KT,1.0mg.L"1NAA and 0.2mg.L''2,4-D.The latter could produce rapidly-growing ,and soft calli effectly.The obtained calli were used to initiate cell suspension cultures in liquid MS medium supplemented with 0.5mg.L"'2, 4-D and 0.2mg.L-1 6-BA.The cells were cultured on solid MS medium,which floating on the surface of the solid medium.In the media,the optimum hormones were 0.2 mg.L^KT and 0.2mg.L-1 2, 4-D.The microcalli observed with naked eyes were formed within 20 days. Plating efficiency was 0.09%.Upon the solid MS supplemented with 2.0mg.L-1 6-BA and 0.1mg.L-1NAA,microcalli developed to vigorous growing calli.Regenerated shoots were not observed with naked eyes untill subculturing for four times;plant regenerated on the rooting media.