Studies On Screening Of High Potassium Efficient Wheat Varieties In Huang-Huai Wheat Growing Region

By means of pot trail,field trial and lab trail,this essay studied the nutrition characters of potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus of 53 wheat varieties in harvest stage under two potassium levels, using multi-index ,53 wheat varieties were divided into different groups by clustering analyse .The results were as follows:1 .There were great differences in biomass among different wheat varieties on either K0 level or K1 level,two wheat varieties (No.4,No.10) achieved higher yield on two K levels,they had relatively stronger dry matter accumulation ability ,they were potassium-limited endured wheat varieties. 53 wheat varieties were divided into 5 groups by effect coefficiency (EC) .The EC value was nagetively correlated with K marginal product eficient ( KMPE) , the higher the EC value,the lower the KMPE value, for limited potassium fertilizer , it should be applied to high KMPE value wheat varieties.2. Different wheat varieties had significantly different capibilities in uptaking and accumulating N, P, K. With improved K level,the accumulation amount of N, P, K varied among wheat varieties ,but almost all wheat varieties' N, P, K accumulation amount were promoted,the biomass was positively related with N, P, K accumulation amount.namely , as a higher yield wheat variety, it must have stronger nutrient accumulation , it was the precondition of high mineral efficiency.3. There were significent differences in potassium use efficiency (KUE) and potassium use index (KUI) among wheat varieties. KUE declined as K level was improved.Correlation and variation index analysis showed that , as high K efficient evaluation indexes,KUE is better than KER and KA,while economic KUE was the most suitable index.4. The correlation index of EKUI and EPUI, ENUI were 0.7923, 0.9133 respectively , which were positively correlated.lt meant that high K efficiency wheat varieties were also high N and high P efficiency wheat varieties.5. By means of systemtic clustering analysis software ,using K accumulation amount as K uptake index, KUI as K use index, 53 wheat varieties were divided into six groups.No.4, No. 10 wheat varieties were selected as high K efficiency wheat varieties, they had relatively higher yield on both K levels, they were blunt to soil K content, they had the character of stronger K accumulation and higher KUI, on Ko level they had stronger non exchangeable K use abilitiy .With the same cluster indexes , No.4 and No. 10 were also selected as high N,high P efficiency wheat varieties.6. By means of systemic clustering analysis software, using N,P,K augment as K sensitive index, 53 wheat varieties were divided into high K sensitive varieties,moderate K sensitive wheat varieties and low K sensitive varieties, and selected No. 20, 26, 29, 33, 36, 40, 43 seven varieties as high K sensitive varieties, they had the character of lower yield on Ko level, higher yield on KI level, lower EC value and higher KMPE value.7. On Ko level ,non exchangeable K was the main K form that plant used .there were great discrepancy in abilities among wheat varieties on absorbing and activating non exchangeable K, So, under potassium limited condition , the absorbtion and utilization abilities of non exchangeable K was one of the fundmental mechanism that wheat varieties had different K efficiency. On Kl level, available K was the main k form that wheat uptake.