Studies On Multiple-generation Utilization Of Heterosis In CHA Hybrid Wheat

In this paper, six good-quality varieties and seven high-yield varieties were crossed by Chemical Hybrid Agent "GENESIS", by which I got 23 reciprocal F1 and F2 lines. The heterosis and parent-offspring correlation of their quality characters and yield characters were analyzed, the feasibility of their utilization by variance analysis was studied. All the lines were divided into 3 combining types and were analyzed; the genetic regulary of wheat HMW-GS and their relationship to quality characters in hybrid wheats were studied. And the main results were as follows:The yield and the yield construction factors had significantly positive correlation between the offspring-parent lines. It showed that the mid-parent of these traits affected the progeny significantly. So when we select the combinations, the performance of hybrid progeny could be estimated by mid-parent. The parent-offspring correlation of F1 lines was higher than F2 lines, but the difference was not distinct. In F1 lines the heterosis of individual-plant yield were all positive and the number of heterosis was 31.7%; the heterobeltiosis was 14.7%. Among which 16 combinations were positive vigor. In F2 lines the heterosis of individual-plant yield was 21.9%. Among them there were 21 positive which occupied 91.3%. The average heterobeltiosis was 14.7% and 13 combinations were positive. In all these combinations, the control vigors of F1 and F2 lines were positive except for m, which was negative. Compared with F1, the yield vigor of F2 lines declined. In 23 combinations, there were 15 ones whose F2 lines vigors were less than F1 lines and there were 8 whose yield vigors of F2 lines were more than that of F1 lines. These showed that F2 lines vigors didn't have the decrementregularity compared with F1.In F2 lines, there exist combinations whose hybrid vigor\heterobeltiosis and control vigor were more than that of F1 lines. This suggests that the utilization of F2 lines vigor has significant meaning.The parent-offspring correlation results of quality traits showed: the quality indexes in all the combinations had positive correlation to the parents except for the stability time (-0.02). Protein\sedimentation value in F1 and F2 lines had significant coherence with mid-parent\high-parent and low-parent. Selecting the high-parent value may get higher combination in offsprings. Moreover, Farinaceous indexes in offsprings had less coherence to parents than protein and sedimentation value. But it also had significant correlation. So we can't neglect it when selecting the parent plant.According to the test, protein content and gluten index were regarded as two main indexs. The results of their variance analysis showed that the genotypes of parent had decisive impact on heterosis wheat quality. The protein content of F1 and F2 lines increased more significantly than the check variety. There are 17 F1 combinations and 10 F2 combinations whose gluten indexes are much higher than the check. There were 16 combinations whose gluten indexes were lower than the check. It suggested that utilizating heterosis to develop wheat quality is difficult. But it is possible to develop heterosis quality by reasonable parent selecting.Quality potence comparation of 3 combining types showed that in F1 lines high quality/high quality and high quality/prolific yield were easy to get better vigor combination. In F2 lines high quality/prolific yield type in order to get better vigor combinations.In the test materials, the relationship of subunits composition and wheat quality we got was similar as others did. For example, subunit 1 coded by Glu-A1 is better than Null. Subunit 14+15\17+18 coded by Glu-B1 are better than other subunits. Subunit 5+10 coded by Glu-D1 is the best and 2+12 the worst. But there existed minor difference. For example, subunit 7+9 coded by Glu-B1 is better than subunit 7+8,but its sedimentation value didn't reachsignificantly positive correlation with subunit 5+10.The genes which control HMW-GS were inherited based on Mendel's laws of...