Micromorphological Characteristics In The Process Of Soil And Water Loss

This paper deals mainly with the soil micromorphological characteristics in the process of soil and water loss in Daiyue County of Taian. The purpose is to study the process of soil and water loss and sanded land in this region from macroscopic and microcosmic aspects, from physical properties to chemical properties, so as to find the microcosmic mechanism of soil and water loss and sanded land, to provide science gist for monitoring and controlling water loss and sanded land degradation accordingly, to use land sustainablely in soil and water loss area ulteriorly.In the process of this study, macroscopic and microcosmic methods, qualitative characterization as well as quantitativeanalysis, route investigate and orientation experimentation (etc.), are used. Based on the survey of soil and water loss in the whole county, the whole province and the whole country, and the analysis of the influence factors-on soil and water loss and sanded land in Daiyue County, representative valley is selected in Moshanyu. 13 soil profiles representative of the main representative place, types of land use, and different slopes have been studied. The effect of soil and water loss on soil physical properties (such as soil grain constitution, field water capacity, soil moisture, soil aggregate, etc.), soil nutrients (such as organic matter, N, P, K, etc.), and soil forms has been studied at the same time. Integrated with the above research, the varieties of soil micromorphological characteristics in the process of soil and water loss are discussed mainly. Sub-micromorphology studies were made ulteriorly on the typical profiles or horizons to validate the results of soil micromorphological characteristics.As accessorial study, this paper describes the variation processes of soil physical and chemical properties induced by soil and water loss on sanded land of this area. The variation characteristic curves of soil grain constitution, field water capacity, soil moisture, and content of soil nutrients are gave. The results show that, the variations of soil physical and chemical properties induced by soil and water loss on sanded land of this area are relating to slope, the manner of land use and soil management, etc.The results obtained by soil micromorphological characteristics research demonstrate that, there are laws in the process of soil and water loss of different degrees, some are listed from light to severe as following:(1) Soil matrix degenerates and the proportion of skeletongrains increases. Soil matrix was swept away, and the proportion of soil matrix reduces. The features of soil matrix turn from close to loose. Binding patterns turn from interstitial fabric, coating fabric, to contact structure. Accordingly, the proportion of skeleton grain increases, and skeleton grains distributing types turn from interspersing in soil matrix loose to interspersing without soil matrix loose. Soil matrix is the main source of soil nutrients, and soil nutrients reduce follow soil matrix loss, which result in the decline of land productivity. The link of soil skeleton grains weakens and the capability of soil anti-eroding reduces.(2) The degree of iron dip-dye of rock crumbs and mineral reduces. Pedological features reduce. Especially, illuviation cutan and ferruginous and manganiferous formations decrease rapidly. This indicates that oxidation-reduction was affected by soil and water loss, and the direction of soil developing changed.(3) Soil micro-fabric has been worsening. Soil aggregations are destroyed. Small voids decrease in number, and large pores manifold. Most voids are simple packing void. The capacity of holding water and nutrients decreases. This results in the worsening of soil environment and the decreasing of biology varieties. Consequently, sustainable utilization of soil was affected.(4) In the process of soil and water loss, the roundness of skeleton grains increase along with the distance conveyed. The skeleton grains and rocks turn from angular to subangular and rounded. The holes and o...