Studies On The Physiologic & Biochemical Characteristics And In Vitro Culture Of Cytoplasmic Male-sterility In Pepper (C.annuum L.)

Pepper (Capsicum annuwn L.) shows the remarkable heterosis. Producing Hybrid seeds using cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS) as female parent is a very important way to utilize heterosis in pepper. However, basic researches of cytoplasmic male sterility mechanism in pepper are still poor , compared to those in maize, cotton and rice. In order to enrich the understanding of cytoplasmic male sterility, quicken the usefulness of CMS, we use pepper CMS 9704A , 8214A and their maintainers (M) 9704B and 8214B as experiment materials , the contents of soluble sugar, reducing sugar, free proline and free protein were investigated .At the same time, the specific activity of perxidose(POD) and respiratory metabolism were also studied. On the other hand, by using cytoledons, leaves, and stems from seedling of CMS 9704A and 8214A as materials, we studied the effects of different contents of plant hormones, CM, AgNOs and GA3 on plant regeneration, and different ways of root formation were also researched. The followings were our experiment results.5. The cytoledons, leaves and stems explants from the seedlings of pepper CMS 9704A and 8214A are feasible for plant regeneration. Through selected, MS + 6-BA 5. 0mg/L + IAA 1. Omg/L + GA, 2. Omg/L and MS + 6-BA 7. Omg/L + IAA 0.5mg/L + GA3 2.0mg/L were the best cultures of all for callus induction and adventitious buds differentiation. The adventitious buds elongated well on MS + 6-BA 3. Omg/L + IAA 1. Omg/L + GA3 2. Omg/L + AgN03 10.0mg/L. 1/2MS+IAA0.3-0.5mg/L were optimal for adventitious buds root formation.1. During the flowers developed , the contents of soluble sugar, free proline and free protein in CMS were slightly decreased. But in M, they kept rising and were also higher than those in CMS. At the stage of big flower bud, neither the change tendency of reducing sugar in CMS and M was apparent.2. In flower development, the specific activity of POD in CMS kept rising, while in M it decreased .The former was higher than the latter.3. In the stage of full bloom, mean total respiration (Vt), alternative respiration (Valt) and Valt/Vt ratio of leaves and flower buds from CMS were slightly decreased. But in M, they were higher than those in CMS at all stages.4. The leaves' specific activity of POD in CMS was higher than that in M. But the contents of soluble sugar, reducing sugar, free proline and free protein in CMS and M changed differently.6. In CMS9704A and 8214A culture, 10mg/L AgNO3 showed remarkable inhibition on the callus induction and adventitious buds differentiation. However, it could promoted the elongation of adventitious buds and the elongation of axillary buds in the stem culture.7. 10%(v/v) CM restrained the callus induction , adventitious buds differentiation and elongation obviously. On the other hand, it accelerated the axillary buds elongation in the stem tissue culture and also decreased leaves' abscission in successive transfer culture.8. 2.0 mg/1 GA3 remarkably promoted the callus induction and adventitious buds differentiation, and it also helped adventitious buds elongating.9. By using different types of medium in tissue culture of CMS 9704A and 8214A, liquid medium showed more benefits than solid medium on root formation, such as frequency of root formation improved, the number of root boosted and quality of the formatted roots promoted. At the same time, survival rate was also sharply boosted.