Studies On The Characteristics In Cytology And Physiology And Biochemistry Of The Genic Male-sterility In Sweet Pepper (Capsicum Annuum Var.Grossum (L.) Sendt.)

In this paper, the difference of cytological characteristics and physical metabolize between sweet pepper's male srerile plants and fertile plants was analyzed. The meiosis behavior of pollen mother cell, fluorescence observation of microspore development, investigation of anther tissue with light and trassmission electron microscopy, analysis for the level of soluble sugar, reducing sugar, starch, free amino acid, free proline, and soluble protein in leaves and anthers at different developmental stages were involved. The main results were as following.1 There were no significant difference in flower buds size, open measure of flower and petal size between sweet pepper's sterile plants and fertile plants.But sterile plants' anther is so thin and shriveled that pollen couldn't be observed.2 Genetic Male sterile sweet pepper of AB91 was gametophyte sterility. The meiosis behavior of pollen mother cell of sterile plant was normal and tetrads were formed. However degradation of tetrad callose wall was abnormal. Microspore disaggregated thoroughly, or developed regularly until mononucleate pollen medium stage and there only existed pollen wall, Tapetal cells began to vacuolated, swell abnormally and separated from middle-layer at the tetrad stage. At the same time cellular organelle as mitochondriun began to degenerate and emerge abnormal ubish body. It suggest that the main cytology cause of microspore abortion was disorder of structure and function of the tapecal cells.3. The same changes were observed for the content of soluble sugar and inducing sugar in sweet peppers male sterile plants and fertile plants. With the anther development, the contents of soluble sugar and inducing sugar in male sterile plants and fertile plants both firstly increased, subsequently decreased and then once increased. The contents of soluble sugar in male sterile plants were higher than that in the fertile ones, but the content of reducing sugar showed the contrary changes. And the levels in the sterile plants much gentler than that in the fertile ones. In fertile plants the soluble sugar and reducing sugar were both accumulated evidently at tetrad stage and mature pollen stage .4. Starch contents in the male sterile plants were significants lower compared to the fertile plants .With the anther development, there are no significant variation in sterile plants, but in the fertile plants it have the similar changing trend before the mononucleate pollen stage, after this that the contents of starch increased evidently.