Induction Of Parthenogenesis In The Hybrids And Sterility Lines Of Rice By Chemical

It is effective to shorten breeding cycles and obtain homozygous genotype in early generations by parthenogenesis induced by distant pollen or chemical agents in rice. In this study the rice hybrids (Fj and Fa) and the sterile lines were treated by chemical agents A(MH+DMSO) and B(6-BA+NAA+DMSO) in the field. 1175 parthenogenetic seeds (including 12 seeds from the sterile lines) were gained. Embryology development process of parthenogenesis was observed. The field investigations and the analysis of SSR for the progeny Pa2 verified the posterities were stable homozygous lines. The main results are as following:1. 12,789 castrated florets from FI and F2 were treated and 1661 parthenogenetic seeds were gained. The mean induction frequency was 12.99%. There was no significant difference at the level of 5% between the liquid A and B or between FI and F2.1661 seeds developed to 989 seedlings. The mean frequency of emergence of seedlings was 59.54%. There was no significant difference at the level of 5% between Fj and Fj. The sterile lines were induced by chemical and 12 parthenogenetic seeds were gained. The mean intumescent frequency of ovary was 16.06%. The mean frequency of seed setting was 0.21%.2. The embryo development of parthenogenesis was slower than the normal zygotic embryos. The spurious intumescence, the abnormal disassociation, the embryo developed from somatic cell, the abnormal seeds with endosperm and without embryo were found. The origin and the developing process of embryo were various. There were some differences between all the materials. The origin and development of embryo was non-synchronous for the different materials.3. The field investigations of Pa2 showed that 7 of 36 plots (15.22%) were uniform. Their coefficients of variation were less than the check variety (Shan you 63) in plant height, length of panicles and heading dates.4. The marker bands of plants from Pa2 (Jingxiang X Xianghui 4) were uniform in 19SSR primers. The same primer as paternal band was RM223. The same as maternal band were 16 primers. The amplified bands of Paa were uniform in two primers(RMl ,RM207). But they were both different from their parents. The amplified bands of the elected plants from Pa2(Xinyou42XR363) were uniform in 21 different visibly primers. The same as paternal band were RM11 0,RM337,RM206,RM336. The same as maternal band were 17 primers. The SSR results verified the posterities induced were from parthenogenesis and doubled haploid.