Studies On The Accumulation Of Protein Components And Cultivated Regulating Techniques Of Nitrogen Application For High-yield And Quality Of Winter Wheat

This experiment studied the accumulation of protein components of Iankao906, yumai35, yumai49 and the regulating effects of nitrogen application at different rates and different times for high-yield and quality of winter wheat in the high fertility field from 1997 to 1999. It indicated:The characteristics of albumin and globulin accumulation showed decending tendency during the grain filling stage. Glutenin acccumulation showed an increasing tendency, however .gliadin accumulation showed an upward tendency in the early stages then slowly reduced in the late stages . Different nitrogen application had little effect on the accumulation tendency of protein components, but it deeply affected the contents of protein components and changed the ratios of protein components. Albumin > glutenin content and the ratio of glutenin to gliadin increased with high nitrogen rate or later application . Different application rates of nitrogen had little effect of gliadin and globulin content. Globulin content decreased with dressing at later stages , but there was no significant difference among treatments. Gliadin content were higher dressing at re-growth stage and jointing stage.40The treatments of application high rates and dressing at later stages had higher ratio of glutenin to gliadin, wet gluten content , sedimentation, value meater value and curved area. It also had longer development time, stable time and lower softness of dough, and elasticity and extensibility became stronger. Different rates of nitrogen application had little effect on the index of farinogram and elasticity. The properties of processing quality was better dressing at jointing stages than that of others. Glutenin, gliadin content and the ratio of glutenin to gliadin were significantly correlated with quality properties.Effects of nitrogen application on grain yield and protein content of winter wheat showed nitrogen application at later stages improved nitrogen nutritation of plant. It efficiently regulated spikes per area , kernel numbers and kernel weight, and increased grain yield .At the same time, rate of nitrogen from fertilizer entered into grain was higher by dressing at later stages, so protein content improved. It indicated grain yield and quality may be synchronouely improved in a certain range .Considering index of grain yield and quality, the total nitrogen 240kg. hm"2, with base fertilization 70% and application 30% at jointing stage , was suitable for Lankao906 to get high-yield and quality . For Yumai35, the best way of nitrogen application for getting high-yield and quality was base fertilization 70% or 50% and dressing 30% or 50% at jointing stage.