| Zingiber officinale Roscoe, belonging to Zingiber of Zingiberaceae, is a perennial or annual training herb. It initially originated from Pacific isles, and now it is widely distributed in regions of the world. Zingiber officinale, maily depending on asexual reproduction, is an officinal and edible herb, which takes an important part in the national economy. During the long production, it accumulated much virus, and gravely limited the output. It is urgent to cultivate fine ginger cultivars of high yield, high quality, strong adversity and nonvirus.In the paper, it is studied genetic diversity of 20 ginger cultivars by means of morphology and micromorphology from Shandong Laiwu Agriculture Technology Research Institution, and to analyses their genetic relationship and estimate germplasm in order to theoretical foundation for identification, selection and hybridization breeding.It is expounded the leaf epidermal cell characters, stomatic characteristic and leaf shape index.25 primers were chosen for they showed strong, reproducible amplification and distinct polymorphisms from 200 10-base arbitrary primers, and a total of 171 DNA fragments were amplified from 100bp-3500bp, among which 111 were polymorphics, and which accounted for 64.91 %. The average number DNA bands produced by each primer were 6.84. Any amplified band was regarded as a character, and the binary data matrix was set out according as the bands existed out. The Jaccard coefficient was worked out by using NTSYS-pc software. The result of genetic similarity analysis for 20 ginger cultivars showed that Jaccard coefficient ranged from 0.584~0.864, suggesting there was a rich genetic polymorphism among the ginger cultivars due to the Jaccard coefficient. A DNA molecular dendrogram was established for 20 ginger cultivars based on UPGMA(unweighed pair-group method with arithmetic mean). According to the coefficient, the cluster result and the analysis of morphology and micromorphology, whenthe coefficient is 0.67, these cultivars were divided into 4 groups: Group I, Group II, Group III, Group IV. Group I was divided into section A, section B, section C and Group IV was section D, section E. Among of which, section A was divided into subsection AI and AI, while section B was subsection B] and 82. The coefficient in each subsection is very large, which suggests that the relationship among subsection was fairy near, but some genetic difference existed.Subsection AI included ZJiX, Subsection A2 included HNX, YNX, AH|X, AH2D, JX|X, FJX. Subsection BI included JX2X, ZJ2X, HB:X, RED and Subsection B2 included ZJ3X. Section C included two genotypes, one was TGD, the other was LWX. Group II and Section D included only one genotype each. Group III included HN1X and HB2X, while Section E included LKD and LWD.From the cultivars experimented, the effect of regions was very little. Some cultivars, such as ZJ1X, ZJ2X and ZJsX, were classified as different sections, while they located in the same region. In the same as LWX and LWD, LKD, AQD, their genetic distance is larger. There was the most genetic diversity between GDD and other cultivars. The conclutions from morphology and micromorphology were identical with RAPD analysis.During random amplification, some ginger cultivars produced distinctive bands and some did not produce distinctive bands, according to which, they could be identified. These cultivars could be identified with one or several primers.
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