| A 2 2 2 factorial trial was conducted to investigate the effects and the interactions of acidifier,probiotics and oligosaccharides on growth performance , apparent digestibilites of gross energy (GE), crude protein(CP), organic matter (OM) and dry matter (DM), microbial population in feces and the immune function of piglets. The levels of acidifier, probiotics and oligosaccharides were 0, 0.3%; 0, 0.15% and 0, 0.1%, respectively. A total of 32 crossbred(Landrace X Landrace X taihu) piglets weaned at about 30 d were randomly allotted to 8 treatments and each treatment had 4 replicates with 1 piglet per replicate.The trial was conducted for 28 days. Feces were collected on day 19 to 24. Feces and feeds were analyzed for GE, CP, OM and DM. In the morning of day 22, fresh feces samples were collected and assayed immediately for Lactobacilli.Bifidobacterium and Escherichia coli counts . In the morning of day 29, blood samples were collected before feeding. Lymphocyte blastogenesis and serum immunoglobulins(G,A and M) concentration were measured. The results showed: l)During the whole trial period, the addition of acidifier tended to improve average daily gain (ADG) by 2.82% (P=0.2544) , feed conversion ratio (FCR) by 1.26% (P=0.2157) , the level of serum immunoglobulin G by 21.74% ( P=0.0848 ) and to decrease the number of Escherichia coli by 58.31% (P=0.0978).When probiotics were added into diet, ADG, FCR and the digestibilites of CP, GE, OM and DM were inceased by 4.52% (P=0.0768), 3.73% (P=0.065), 1.98% (P=0.0902) , 1.26% (P<0.05) , 1.09% (P<0.05) and 1.28% (P<0.05), respectively. The supplement of probiotics also improved the level of serum immunoglobulin G by10.40% (P<0.05) and lymphocyte blastogenesis by 6.61% (P<0.01) . The addition ofoligosaccharides improved ADG by 4.18% ( P=0.0995 ) , FCR by 1.89%(P=0.0840) ;The digestibilites of CP, GE, OM and DM were improved by 3.24%(P<0.01) , 1.21% (P<0.05) , 1.25% (P<0.05) and 1.17% (P<0.5) , respectively. Lymphocyte blastogenesis and serum immunoglobulin G level were increased by 19.23% (P<0.01) and 11.76% (P<0.01) .The addition of acidifier, probiotics or oligosaccharides did not affect feed intake. The number of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium was increased and the number of Escherichia coli. was dereased when acidifier, probiotics or oligosaccharides were added into diet (P>0.05) .2 ) The combinations of probiotics with acidifier, oligosaccharides with acidifier, probiotics with oligosaccharide, and the combination of the three additives improved ADG by 11.43%(P<0.05), 10.0%(P>0.05), 12.14%(P<0.05) and 13.57%(P<0.05), respectively, decreased FCRby 9.52% (P<0.01) , 5.95% (P<0.05) , 8.33% (P<0.01) and 7.14% (P<0.01) , respectively, improved CP digestibility by 4.61% (P<0.05) , 4.57% (P=0.0641) , 5.95%(P=0.0622) and 6.84% (PO.05) , respectively, improved GE digestibility by 2.97% (P<0.01) , 1.78% (P=0.0931), 3.16% (P<0.01) and 2.55%(P<0.05 ) , respectively, improved the level of IgG in serum by 42.68% (P<0.01) , 30.96% (P<0.05) , 34.73% (P<0.01) and 53.97% (P<0.01) , respectively, improved Lymphocyte blastogenesis 7.61% (P<0.01) , 13.09% (P<0.01) , 15.96%(P=0.0747) and 21.74% (P<0.01), respectively. The addition of two of the three additives or all of them together hardly affected feed intake and and the level of IgM in serum (P>0.05 ). There lied interaction between probiotics and oligosaccharides on FCR(P=0.065) ,between acidifier and oligosaccharides on FCR (P<0.05) , and between probiotics and oligosaccharides on the digestibilities of GE, OM and DM (P<0.05 ) . The combination of acidifier and oligosaccharides decreased the FCR in comparison with the addition of oligosaccharides. The combination of probiotics and oligosaccharides decreased the digestibilities of GE, OM and DM in comparison with the addition of oligosaccharides. There lied interaction between probiotics and acidifier on improving the serum IgG level (P<0.05 ) . There lied interaction between oligosaccharides and acidifier(P<0.01),oligosaccharides and pro...
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