The Effects Of The Xylo Oligosaccharides On Growth Performance And Nutrient Utilization Of Breeding Sows And Piglets

The objective of this study was to estimate the effects of Xylo oligosaccharides(XOS)on the growth performance of breeding sows and piglets,and discuss the solution of integrated use of XOS for the breeding sows and piglets.This study adopts 2×2 factorial design,and was divided into two stages: sow breeding period(late pregnancy-lactation period)and piglet period(lactation-weaning transition period),and two treatments: with or without XOS.Breeding sows experiment: 24 late pregnancy(85 d)pregnancy sows(Landrace × Large white)were randomly divided into 2 treatments with 12 replicates respectively.Treatment 1(control group)fed basic diet and treatment 2(the test group)were supplemented with 500 mg/kg XOS on the base diet.The piglets experiment was divided into lactation period and weaning transition period.During the lactation period,the piglets of the above two treatments were randomly divided into two treatments(one fed the basic diet,and the other one were supplemented with 200 mg/kg XOS on the base diet)with 6 replicates and 1 litter of piglets for each replicates.After weaning,the piglets of each treatment group were randomly assigned to 6 hog houses and fed on their respective experimental diet for 10 days.We measured the growth performance of sows and piglets throughout the test period.And we collected fecal samples of sows(1 week before labor and 1 week before weaning)and piglets(1 week before weaning and 1 week after weaning)to measure microbes.We carried out the metabolic test in piglets at 36-38 d.Study on growth performance of sows and piglets: supplementation of XOS in the late gestation period of sows had no significant effect on growth performance(P > 0.05).Supplementation with 500 mg/kg XOS during the lactation period of sows did not affect the conception rate and estrus interval(P > 0.05),and significantly increased the average daily feed intake of sows(P = 0.035).There was no interaction between the cross-use of XOS in the diets of sows and piglets(P > 0.05).Supplementation of 200 mg/kg XOS on the base diet of piglets significantly reduced the diarrhea rate of piglets during weaning period(P < 0.05).Compared with the group without XOS,continued addition of XOS increased the body weight and daily weight gain of piglets during weaning period by 4.9% and 4.6%,respectively,and reduced the feed to gain ratio,dead panning rate and diarrhea rate by 4.0%,54.2% and 31.6%,respectively.Analysis of fecal microorganisms in sows and piglets: supplementation of XOS on the base diet of sows significantly changed the fecal microflora of sows(P < 0.05).Compared with the control group,the addition of 500 mg/kg XOS during the late pregnancy and lactation period increased the number of lactic acid bacteria colonies by 51.6% and decreased the number of Escherichia coli colonies by 30.6%.Supplementation of XOS on the base diet of piglets significantly increased the number of lactobacillus in feces and decreased the number of Escherichia coli(P < 0.01).The cross-use of XOS in the diets of sows and piglets had significant interaction effects on lactobacillus and Escherichia coli(P < 0.05).Continuous addition of XOS to the diets of sows and piglets increased the total number of lactic acid bacteria by 14.1% and decreased the total number of Escherichia coli by 16.6%.Study on the apparent digestibility of dietary nutrients in piglets: the addition of XOS on the diets of sows significantly increased the apparent digestibility of dry matter,organic matter,crude protein,methionine,tryptophan,glutamate,tyrosine and TNEAA(P < 0.05).The addition of XOS on the diets of piglets did not change the apparent digestibility of conventional nutrients(dry matter,organic matter,crude protein,crude fat)and the apparent digestive energy(P > 0.05),however significantly increased the apparent digestibility of lysine,methionine,tryptophan,arginine,leucine,isoleucine,phenylalanine,threonine,valine,aspartic acid,serine,glutamate,tyrosine,TEAA and TNEAA(P < 0.05).The cross-use of XOS in the diets of sows and piglets had no significant interaction effects on the apparent digestibility of various nutrients and energies(P > 0.05).From the above,the supplementation with 500 mg/kg XOS on the base diet of sows and 200 mg/kg XOS on the base diet of piglets could improve the growth performance and intestinal microorganism of sows and piglets,and digestibility of nutrients of the piglets.Continuous addition of XOS to the diets of sows and piglets could obtain the best results.