Evaluation Of Prematurity And Late-maturity Phleum Pratense L. Germplasm Resourses In Alpine Pastoral Regions

The dissertation is a part studies of breeding excellent forage in alpine pasturing area,included key item of tenth "5-year-plan" of Sichuan provincial by emcee of Sichuan Provincial Institute of Grassland. Via 2 years study on prematurity and late-maturity of introducted and domesticated Phleum pratense L., outcome show:1. Introducted and domesticated Phleum pratense L. exist manifold types breeding materials in test field, manifest abundant germplasm resource, obviously existent prematurity type and late-maturity type . It is very difference of phenological phase, plant height, laminae area, chlorophyl content, stern diameter, seed production ,colour and shape of inflorescence and spike, yield of grass et al. Between 2 types materials, Via analysising maps of peroxidase isoenzyme,show zymogram resemble coefficient of poeroxidase isoenzyme of prematurity and late- maturity type are 0.250, via karyotype analysis, prematurity type's chromosome count is 28, karyotype formula Km=2n=4x=28=22m + 4sm(SAT) + 2st(SAT), category is 2A type, late-maturity type's chromosome count is 42, karyotype formula Km=2n=6x=42=2M+24m +14sm +2sm(SAT) , category is 2A type, indicate their genetic diversity are very big.2. Yield of prematurity type is73995 kg/hm2, cradle two times per one year, yield of late-maturity type is 51405 kg/hm2, cradle one time per one year. In the scorch stage, average yield of withered grass of second and third year growth prematurity type of Phleum pratense L. is 10672.5 kg/hm2, by cradling one time per year, average yield of wind hay grass is 7575 kg/hm2, the plant average height of selective colony is 160.0cm, the plant height of colony is rather equality. In the course of general nutrition composition analysis, discover that nutrition value of late-maturity type is higher than nutrition value ofprematurity type, coarse fibre and coarse protein and coarse fat of late-maturity type are 10.7%, 3.58%, 24.82% respectively, coarse fibre and coarse protein and coarse fat of prematurity type are 9.84%, 2.61%, 27.59% respectively, dry matter content of prematurity type is 92.63%, dry matter content of late-maturity type is 92.22%. So, breeding aim is prematurity type.3. About resisting cold, ration of living through the winter of prematurity and late-maturity types of Phleum pratense L. in Hongyuan cituy of Northwest Sichuan(altitude 3504m) is 99.8% .4. In seed study on prematurity and late-maturity types of Phleum pratense L, require of prematurity type's growing days are sufficed, ration of seed germinate low, namely 45.6% , require of late-maturity type's growing days are not sufficed.