Study On The Cold Resistance Property Of Grape

Low temperature is an important factor that restrain the plant distributing and growing on the earth. Grapevine is a main fruit tree in Xinjiang. Developing the delicious grape production has becoming a kind of new Agriculture industry, and the areas of cultivating have increased year by year. But because of the worse cold resistance and weaker disease resistance, the development of delicious grape in the northern part of China is limited to some extent. In order to go through the winter, the grapevines in Xinjiang have to been underground. There are so many freezing injuries in the production and lots of new grapevines being introduced that it is necessary to study the cold resistance and the ability of five grape cultivars over winter. Cold resistance is the hereditary characteristic of the fruit tree. It is significant to determine the hardiness of grapevine, witch is useful for rational planting, cold resistance breeding, appraising and popularizing the cold resistance grapevines.In this paper ,four factors that electrolyte osmotic rate ,the contents of soluble sugar, pro and MDA in their branches and roots after treated with different low temperatures for 10 hours,-12℃,-15℃,-18℃,-21℃,and-24℃ at one-year-old branches and -1℃,-2℃,-3℃,-4℃,-5℃,-6℃,and-7℃ at roots, were used to determine five main grapevines planting in the northern part of Xinjiang, having different hardiness. The recovering growth rate of the treated branches were investigated. Results showed thatthe relative rate of conductivity of the electrolyte, which expressed the variation of cell membranes permeation, became much stronger when the treat temperature was dropped, the contents of soluble sugar in plants raised at first and then declined, the contents of pro all decreased during the freeing period. MDA content of four grapevines under low temperature changed regularly, that of one grapevine increased gradually after treated with low temperature. Using principal component Analysis, the cold resistance of five grape cultivars was evaluated with the material of dormant shoots and roots. With matrix of load of factors, the factors were divided into three types. Variations in electrolyte osmotic ratio, soluble sugar, pro and MDA under low-temperature treatment were the regulating reactions of physiological mechanism of plants to the adverse atmospheric temperatures. By using the above-mentioned variations of physiological indices under the low-temperature stressed treatment, it is possible to seek the means for appraising the freeze-resisting provenance and to provide the scientific basis for introducing the species northwards.